1  NOW THESE are the names of the sons of Israel, who came into Egypt with Jacob; every man came with his household

1  These are the names of the sons of Israel that came into Egypt together with Jacob their father; they came in each with their whole family.

2  Reuben, Simeon, Levi, and Judah;

2  Ruben, Simeon, Levi, Judas,

3  Issachar, Zebulun, and Benjamin;

3  And Issachar, and Zebulun, and Benjamin

4  Dan and Naphtali, Gad and Asher.

5  And all the souls that came out of the loins of Jacob were seventy souls; and Joseph was in Egypt already.

5  But Joseph was in Egypt. And all the souls born of Jacob were seventy-five.

5  Therefore, all the souls of those who went forth from Jacob’s thigh were seventy. Now Joseph was in Egypt.

6  And Joseph died, and all his brethren, and all that generation.

6  When he had died, along with all of his brothers and all of that generation,

7  And the children of Israel were fruitful, and increased abundantly, and multiplied, and waxed exceeding mighty; and the land was filled with them.

7  the sons of Israel increased, and they multiplied like seedlings. And having been strengthened exceedingly, they filled the land.

8  Now there arose a new king over Egypt, who knew not Joseph.

8  Meanwhile, there arose a new king over Egypt, who was ignorant of Joseph.

9  And he said unto his people: 'Behold, the people of the children of Israel are too many and too mighty for us;

9  And he said to his nation, Behold, the race of the children of Israel is a great multitude, and is stronger than we

10  come, let us deal wisely with them, lest they multiply, and it come to pass, that, when there befalleth us any war, they also join themselves unto our enemies, and fight against us, and get them up out of the land.'

10  come then, let us deal craftily with them, lest at any time they be increased, and whensoever war shall happen to us, these also shall be added to our enemies, and having prevailed against us in war, they will depart out of the land.

10  Come, let us wisely oppress them, lest they multiply; and if any war should advance against us, they may be added to our enemies, and having fought against us, they might depart from the land.”

11  Therefore they did set over them taskmasters to afflict them with their burdens. And they built for Pharaoh store-cities, Pithom and Raamses.

11  And he set over them task-masters, who should afflict them in their works; and they built strong cities for Pharao, both Pitho, and Ramesses, and On, which is Heliopolis.

11  And so he set over them masters of the works, in order to afflict them with burdens. And they built for Pharaoh the cities of the tabernacles: Pithom and Raamses.

12  But the more they afflicted them, the more they multiplied and the more they spread abroad. And they were adread because of the children of Israel.

12  But as they humbled them, by so much they multiplied, and grew exceedingly strong; and the Egyptians greatly abhorred the children of Israel.

12  And the more they oppressed them, so much more did they multiply and increase.

13  And the Egyptians made the children of Israel to serve with rigour.

13  And the Egyptians hated the sons of Israel, and they afflicted them and mocked them.

13  So the Egyptians oppressed the children of Israel severely;

14  And they made their lives bitter with hard service, in mortar and in brick, and in all manner of service in the field; in all their service, wherein they made them serve with rigour.

14  And they embittered their life by hard labours, in the clay and in brick-making, and all the works in the plains, according to all the works, wherein they caused them to serve with violence.

15  And the king of Egypt spoke to the Hebrew midwives, of whom the name of the one was Shiphrah, and the name of the other Puah;

15  Then the king of Egypt spoke to the midwives of the Hebrews, (one of whom one was called Shiphrah, another Puah)

16  and he said: 'When ye do the office of a midwife to the Hebrew women, ye shall look upon the birthstool: if it be a son, then ye shall kill him; but if it be a daughter, then she shall live.'

16  And he said, When ye do the office of midwives to the Hebrew women, and they are about to be delivered, if it be a male, kill it; but if a female, save it.

16  instructing them: “When you will act as a midwife to the Hebrew women, and the time of delivery has arrived: if it is male, put it to death; if it is female, retain it.”

17  But the midwives feared God, and did not as the king of Egypt commanded them, but saved the men-children alive.

18  And the king of Egypt called for the midwives, and said unto them: 'Why have ye done this thing, and have saved the men- children alive?'

18  And summoning them, the king said, “What did you intend to do, so that you would save the boys?”

18  So the king of Egypt called for the midwives and said to them, Why have you done this thing, and let the boys live?

19  And the midwives said unto Pharaoh: 'Because the Hebrew women are not as the Egyptian women; for they are lively, and are delivered ere the midwife come unto them.'

19  They responded: “The Hebrew women are not like the Egyptian women. For they themselves have the wisdom of a midwife, and so they give birth before we can come to them.”

20  And God dealt well with the midwives; and the people multiplied, and waxed very mighty.

20  Therefore, God acted favorably toward the midwives. And the people increased, and they were strengthened exceedingly.

20  Therefore God dealt well with the midwives, because they spared the males; and the people multiplied, and grew exceedingly strong.

21  And it came to pass, because the midwives feared God, that He made them houses.

21  And as the midwives feared God, they established for themselves families.

21  And because the midwives feared God, he built houses for them.

22  And Pharaoh charged all his people, saying: 'Every son that is born ye shall cast into the river, and every daughter ye shall save alive.'

22  And Pharao charged all his people, saying, Whatever male child shall be born to the Hebrews, cast into the river; and every female, save it alive.

22  Therefore, Pharaoh instructed all his people, saying: “Whatever will be born of the male sex, cast it into the river; whatever will be born of the female sex, retain it.”

2:1  And there went a man of the house of Levi, and took to wife a daughter of Levi.

1  After these things, a man from the house of Levi went out, and he took a wife from his own stock.

2:2  And the woman conceived, and bore a son; and when she saw him that he was a goodly child, she hid him three months.

2  And she conceived, and bore a male child; and having seen that he was fair, they hid him three months.

2:3  And when she could not longer hide him, she took for him an ark of bulrushes, and daubed it with slime and with pitch; and she put the child therein, and laid it in the flags by the river's brink.

3  And when they could no longer hide him, his mother took for him an ark, and besmeared it with bitumen, and cast the child into it, and put it in the ooze by the river.

3  And when she was no longer able to hide him, she took a small basket woven of bulrushes, and she smeared it with pitch as well as tar. And she placed the little infant inside, and she laid him in the sedges by the bank of the river.

2:4  And his sister stood afar off, to know what would be done to him.

4  And his sister was watching from a distance, to learn what would happen to him.

4  His sister was standing at a distance and was wondering what would happen.

2:5  And the daughter of Pharaoh came down to bathe in the river; and her maidens walked along by the river-side; and she saw the ark among the flags, and sent her handmaid to fetch it.

5  Then, behold, the daughter of Pharaoh descended to wash in the river. And her maids walked along the edge of the cove. And when she had seen the small basket among the papyruses, she sent one of her servants for it. And when it was brought,

2:6  And she opened it, and saw it, even the child; and behold a boy that wept. And she had compassion on him, and said: 'This is one of the Hebrews' children.'

6  she opened it; and realizing that within it was a little one crying, she took pity on him, and she said: “This is one of the infants of the Hebrews.”

2:7  Then said his sister to Pharaoh's daughter: 'Shall I go and call thee a nurse of the Hebrew women, that she may nurse the child for thee?'

7  And his sister said to the daughter of Pharao, Wilt thou that I call to thee a nurse of the Hebrews, and shall she suckle the child for thee?

7  And the sister of the boy said to her: “If you wish, I will go and call to you a Hebrew woman, who will be able nurse the infant.”

2:8  And Pharaoh's daughter said to her: 'Go.' And the maiden went and called the child's mother.

8  And the daughter of Pharao said, Go: and the young woman went, and called the mother of the child.

8  She responded, “Go.” The maid went directly and called her mother.

2:9  And Pharaoh's daughter said unto her: 'Take this child away, and nurse it for me, and I will give thee thy wages.' And the woman took the child, and nursed it.

9  And the daughter of Pharao said to her, Take care of this child, and suckled it for me, and I will give thee the wages; and the woman took the child, and suckled it.

9  And the daughter of Pharaoh said to her: “Take this boy and nurse him for me. I will give you your wages.” The woman took and nursed the boy. And when he was mature, she delivered him to the daughter of Pharaoh.

2:10  And the child grew, and she brought him unto Pharaoh's daughter, and he became her son. And she called his name Moses, and said: 'Because I drew him out of the water.'

10  And when the boy was grown, she brought him to the daughter of Pharao, and he became her son; and she called his name, Moses, saying, I took him out of the water.

10  And she adopted him in place of a son, and she called his name Moses, saying, “Because I took him from the water.”

2:11  And it came to pass in those days, when Moses was grown up, that he went out unto his brethren, and looked on their burdens; and he saw an Egyptian smiting a Hebrew, one of his brethren.

11  And it came to pass in that length of time, that Moses having grown, went out to his brethren the sons of Israel: and having noticed their distress, he sees an Egyptian smiting a certain Hebrew of his brethren the children of Israel.

11  In those days, after Moses had grown up, he went out to his brothers. And he saw their affliction and an Egyptian man striking a certain one of the Hebrews, his brothers.

2:12  And he looked this way and that way, and when he saw that there was no man, he smote the Egyptian, and hid him in the sand.

12  And having looked round this way and that way, he sees no one; and he smote the Egyptian, and hid him in the sand.

12  And when he had looked around this way and that, and had seen no one nearby, he struck down the Egyptian and hid him in the sand.

2:13  And he went out the second day, and, behold, two men of the Hebrews were striving together; and he said to him that did the wrong: 'Wherefore smitest thou thy fellow?'

13  And having gone out the second day he sees two Hebrew men fighting; and he says to the injurer, Wherefore smitest thou thy neighbour?

13  And going out the next day, he spotted two Hebrews quarrelling violently. And he said to him who was causing the injury, “Why do you strike your neighbor?”

2:14  And he said: 'Who made thee a ruler and a judge over us? thinkest thou to kill me, as thou didst kill the Egyptian?' And Moses feared, and said: 'Surely the thing is known.'

14  But he responded: “Who appointed you as leader and judge over us? Do you want to kill me, just as yesterday you killed the Egyptian?” Moses was afraid, and he said, “How has this word become known?”

2:15  Now when Pharaoh heard this thing, he sought to slay Moses. But Moses fled from the face of Pharaoh, and dwelt in the land of Midian; and he sat down by a well.

15  And Pharao heard this matter, and sought to slay Moses; and Moses departed from the presence of Pharao, and dwelt in the land of Madiam; and having come into the land of Madiam, he sat on the well.

15  And Pharaoh heard this talk, and he sought to kill Moses. But fleeing from his sight, he stayed in the land of Midian, and he sat down next to a well.

2:16  Now the priest of Midian had seven daughters; and they came and drew water, and filled the troughs to water their father's flock.

16  And the priest of Madiam had seven daughters, feeding the flock of their father Jothor; and they came and drew water until they filled their pitchers, to water the flock of their father Jothor.

16  Now there was a priest of Midian with seven daughters, who came to draw water. And having filled the troughs, they desired to water their father’s flocks.

2:17  And the shepherds came and drove them away; but Moses stood up and helped them, and watered their flock.

17  The shepherds overcame them and drove them away. And Moses rose up, and defending the girls, he watered their sheep.

2:18  And when they came to Reuel their father, he said: 'How is it that ye are come so soon to-day?'

18  And they came to Raguel their father; and he said to them, Why have ye come so quickly to-day?

18  And when they had returned to their father, Reuel, he said to them, “Why have you arrived sooner than usual?”

2:19  And they said: 'An Egyptian delivered us out of the hand of the shepherds, and moreover he drew water for us, and watered the flock.'

19  And they said, An Egyptian delivered us from the shepherds, and drew water for us and watered our sheep.

19  They responded: “A man of Egypt freed us from the hands of the shepherds. Moreover, he also drew water with us and gave the sheep to drink.”

2:20  And he said unto his daughters: 'And where is he? Why is it that ye have left the man? call him, that he may eat bread.'

20  But he said: “Where is he? Why have you dismissed the man? Call him, so that he may eat bread.”

2:21  And Moses was content to dwell with the man; and he gave Moses Zipporah his daughter.

21  Therefore, Moses swore that he would live with him. And he accepted his daughter Zipporah as a wife.

2:22  And she bore a son, and he called his name Gershom; for he said: 'I have been a stranger in a strange land.'

22  And the woman conceived and bore a son, and Moses called his name Gersam, saying, I am a sojourner in a strange land.

22  And she bore a son to him, whom he called Gershom, saying, “I have been a newcomer in a foreign land.” In truth, she bore another, whom he called Eliezer, saying, “For the God of my father, my helper, has rescued me from the hand of Pharaoh.”

2:23  And it came to pass in the course of those many days that the king of Egypt died; and the children of Israel sighed by reason of the bondage, and they cried, and their cry came up unto God by reason of the bondage.

23  And in those days after a length of time, the king of Egypt died; and the children of Israel groaned because of their tasks, and cried, and their cry because of their tasks went up to God.

23  In truth, after a long time, the king of Egypt was dead. And the sons of Israel, groaning, cried out because of the works. And their cry ascended to God from the works.

2:24  And God heard their groaning, and God remembered His covenant with Abraham, with Isaac, and with Jacob.

2:25  And God saw the children of Israel, and God took cognizance of them.

25  And God looked upon the children of Israel, and was made known to them.

25  And the Lord looked with favor on the sons of Israel, and he knew them.

3:1  Now Moses was keeping the flock of Jethro his father-in-law, the priest of Midian; and he led the flock to the farthest end of the wilderness, and came to the mountain of God, unto Horeb.

3:2  And the angel of YHWH appeared unto him in a flame of fire out of the midst of a bush; and he looked, and, behold, the bush burned with fire, and the bush was not consumed.

2  And an angel of the Lord appeared to him in flaming fire out of the bush, and he sees that the bush burns with fire, —but the bush was not consumed.

2  And the Lord appeared to him in a flame of fire from the midst of a bush. And he saw that the bush was burning and was not burnt.

3:3  And Moses said: 'I will turn aside now, and see this great sight, why the bush is not burnt.'

3  Therefore, Moses said, “I will go and see this great sight, why the bush is not burnt.”

3:4  And when YHWH saw that he turned aside to see, God called unto him out of the midst of the bush, and said: 'Moses, Moses.' And he said: 'Here am I.'

4  And when the Lord saw that he drew nigh to see, the Lord called him out of the bush, saying, Moses, Moses; and he said, What is it?

4  Then the Lord, discerning that he proceeded on to see it, called to him from the midst of the bush, and he said, “Moses, Moses.” And he responded, “Here I am.”

3:5  And He said: 'Draw not nigh hither; put off thy shoes from off thy feet, for the place whereon thou standest is holy ground.'

5  And he said: “Lest you should approach here, remove the shoes from your feet. For the place on which you stand is holy ground.”

5  And he said, Do not draw near; take your shoes from off your feet, for the place whereon you are standing is holy ground.

3:6  Moreover He said: 'I am the God of thy father, the God of Abraham, the God of Isaac, and the God of Jacob.' And Moses hid his face; for he was afraid to look upon God.

6  And he said, I am the God of thy father, the God of Abraam, and the God of Isaac, and the God of Jacob; and Moses turned away his face, for he was afraid to gaze at God.

3:7  And YHWH said: 'I have surely seen the affliction of My people that are in Egypt, and have heard their cry by reason of their taskmasters; for I know their pains;

7  And the Lord said to Moses, I have surely seen the affliction of my people that is in Egypt, and I have heard their cry caused by their task-masters; for I know their affliction.

3:8  and I am come down to deliver them out of the hand of the Egyptians, and to bring them up out of that land unto a good land and a large, unto a land flowing with milk and honey; unto the place of the Canaanite, and the Hittite, and the Amorite, and the Perizzite, and the Hivite, and the Jebusite.

8  And I have come down to deliver them out of the hand of the Egyptians, and to bring them out of that land, and to bring them into a good and wide land, into a land flowing with milk and honey, into the place of the Chananites, and the Chettites, and Amorites, and Pherezites, and Gergesites, and Evites, and Jebusites.

3:9  And now, behold, the cry of the children of Israel is come unto Me; moreover I have seen the oppression wherewith the Egyptians oppress them.

9  And so, the outcry of the sons of Israel has come to me. And I have seen their affliction, with which they are oppressed by the Egyptians.

3:10  Come now therefore, and I will send thee unto Pharaoh, that thou mayest bring forth My people the children of Israel out of Egypt.'

10  And now come, I will send thee to Pharao king of Egypt, and thou shalt bring out my people the children of Israel from the land of Egypt.

10  But come, and I will send you to Pharaoh, so that you may lead my people, the sons of Israel, out of Egypt.”

3:11  And Moses said unto God: 'Who am I, that I should go unto Pharaoh, and that I should bring forth the children of Israel out of Egypt?'

3:12  And He said: 'Certainly I will be with thee; and this shall be the token unto thee, that I have sent thee: when thou hast brought forth the people out of Egypt, ye shall serve God upon this mountain.'

12  And he said to him: “I will be with you. And you will have this as a sign that I have sent you: When you will have brought my people out of Egypt, you will offer sacrifice to God upon this mountain.”

3:13  And Moses said unto God: 'Behold, when I come unto the children of Israel, and shall say unto them: The God of your fathers hath sent me unto you; and they shall say to me: What is His name? what shall I say unto them?'

13  Moses said to God: “Behold, I will go to the sons of Israel, and I will say to them, ‘The God of your fathers has sent me to you.’ If they say to me, ‘What is his name?’ What shall I say to them?”

3:14  And God said unto Moses: 'I AM THAT I AM'; and He said: 'Thus shalt thou say unto the children of Israel: I AM hath sent me unto you.'

14  God said to Moses, “I AM WHO AM.” He said: “Thus shall you say to the sons of Israel: ‘HE WHO IS has sent me to you.’ ”

3:15  And God said moreover unto Moses: 'Thus shalt thou say unto the children of Israel: YHWH, the God of your fathers, the God of Abraham, the God of Isaac, and the God of Jacob, hath sent me unto you; this is My name for ever, and this is My memorial unto all generations.

3:16  Go, and gather the elders of Israel together, and say unto them: YHWH, the God of your fathers, the God of Abraham, of Isaac, and of Jacob, hath appeared unto me, saying: I have surely remembered you, and seen that which is done to you in Egypt.

16  Go then and gather the elders of the children of Israel, and thou shalt say to them, The Lord God of our fathers has appeared to me, the God of Abraam, and God of Isaac, and God of Jacob, saying, I have surely looked upon you, and upon all the things which have happened to you in Egypt.

16  Go and gather together the elders of Israel, and you shall say to them: ‘The Lord God of your fathers, the God of Abraham, the God of Isaac, and the God of Jacob, has appeared to me, saying: When visiting, I have visited you, and I have seen all that has befallen you in Egypt.

3:17  And I have said: I will bring you up out of the affliction of Egypt unto the land of the Canaanite, and the Hittite, and the Amorite, and the Perizzite, and the Hivite, and the Jebusite, unto a land flowing with milk and honey.

3:18  And they shall hearken to thy voice. And thou shalt come, thou and the elders of Israel, unto the king of Egypt, and ye shall say unto him: YHWH, the God of the Hebrews, hath met with us. And now let us go, we pray thee, three days' journey into the wilderness, that we may sacrifice to YHWH our God.

18  And they shall hear your voice. And you shall enter, you and the elders of Israel, to the king of Egypt, and you shall say to him: ‘The Lord God of the Hebrews has called us. We shall go three days’ journey into the wilderness, in order to offer sacrifice to the Lord our God.’

3:19  And I know that the king of Egypt will not give you leave to go, except by a mighty hand.

19  But I know that Pharao king of Egypt will not let you go, save with a mighty hand;

3:20  And I will put forth My hand, and smite Egypt with all My wonders which I will do in the midst thereof. And after that he will let you go.

20  For I will extend my hand, and I will strike Egypt with all my wonders that I will do in the midst of them. After these things, he will release you.

3:21  And I will give this people favour in the sight of the Egyptians. And it shall come to pass, that, when ye go, ye shall not go empty;

21  And I will grant favor to this people in the sight of the Egyptians. And so, when you go forth, you shall not go out empty.

3:22  but every woman shall ask of her neighbour, and of her that sojourneth in her house, jewels of silver, and jewels of gold, and raiment; and ye shall put them upon your sons, and upon your daughters; and ye shall spoil the Egyptians.'

22  And every man shall borrow of his associate, and every woman shall borrow of her associate, from neighbour, and of her that sojourneth in her house, jewels of silver, and jewels of gold, and raiment: and ye shall put them upon your sons, and upon your daughters; and ye shall spoil the Egyptians.

4:1  And Moses answered and said: 'But, behold, they will not believe me, nor hearken unto my voice; for they will say: The lord hath not appeared unto thee.'

1  Responding, Moses said, “They will not believe me, and they will not listen to my voice, but they will say: ‘The Lord has not appeared to you.’ ”

4:2  And YHWH said unto him: 'What is that in thy hand?' And he said: 'A rod.'

2  And the Lord said to him, What is this thing that is in thine hand? and he said, A rod.

2  Therefore, he said to him, “What is that you hold in your hand?” He answered, “A staff.”

4:3  And He said: 'Cast it on the ground.' And he cast it on the ground, and it became a serpent; and Moses fled from before it.

3  And the Lord said, “Cast it down upon the ground.” He cast it down, and it was turned into a snake, so that Moses fled away.

4:4  And YHWH said unto Moses: 'Put forth thy hand, and take it by the tail--and he put forth his hand, and laid hold of it, and it became a rod in his hand--

4  And the Lord said to Moses, Stretch forth thine hand, and take hold of its tail: so he stretched forth his hand and took hold of the tail,

4:5  that they may believe that YHWH, the God of their fathers, the God of Abraham, the God of Isaac, and the God of Jacob, hath appeared unto thee.'

5  and it became a rod in his hand, —that they may believe thee, that the God of thy fathers has appeared to thee, the God of Abraam, and God of Isaac, and God of Jacob.

5  “So may they believe,” he said, “that the Lord God of their fathers, the God of Abraham, the God of Isaac, and the God of Jacob, has appeared to you.”

4:6  And YHWH said furthermore unto him: 'Put now thy hand into thy bosom.' And he put his hand into his bosom; and when he took it out, behold, his hand was leprous, as white as snow.

6  And the Lord said again to him, Put thine hand into thy bosom; and he put his hand into his bosom, and brought his hand out of his bosom, and his hand became as snow.

6  And the Lord said again, “Put your hand into your bosom.” And when he had put it into his bosom, he brought it out leprous, resembling snow.

4:7  And He said: 'Put thy hand back into thy bosom.--And he put his hand back into his bosom; and when he took it out of his bosom, behold, it was turned again as his other flesh.--

7  “Put your hand back,” he said, “into your bosom.” He put it back and brought it out again, and it was like the rest of his flesh.

7  Then the LORD said to him, Put your hand back into your bosom again. And he put his hand back into his bosom; and when he took it out of his bosom, behold, it was clean like his other flesh.

4:8  And it shall come to pass, if they will not believe thee, neither hearken to the voice of the first sign, that they will believe the voice of the latter sign.

8  And if they will not believe thee, nor hearken to the voice of the first sign, they will believe thee because of the voice of the second sign.

8  “If they will not believe you,” he said, “and will not listen to the sermon of the first sign, then they will believe the word of the subsequent sign.

4:9  And it shall come to pass, if they will not believe even these two signs, neither hearken unto thy voice, that thou shalt take of the water of the river, and pour it upon the dry land; and the water which thou takest out of the river shall become blood upon the dry land.'

9  But if they will not believe even these two signs, and they will not listen to your voice: take from the water of the river, and pour it upon the dry land, and whatever you will have drawn from the river will be turned into blood.”

4:10  And Moses said unto YHWH: 'Oh Lord, I am not a man of words, neither heretofore, nor since Thou hast spoken unto Thy servant; for I am slow of speech, and of a slow tongue.'

10  And Moses said to the Lord, I pray, Lord, I have not been sufficient in former times, neither from the time that thou hast begun to speak to thy servant: I am weak in speech, and slow-tongued.

10  Moses said: “I beg you, O Lord, I was not eloquent yesterday or the day before. And from the time that you have spoken to your servant, I have a greater impediment and slowness of tongue.”

4:11  And YHWH said unto him: 'Who hath made man's mouth? or who maketh a man dumb, or deaf, or seeing, or blind? is it not I the YHWH?

11  And the Lord said to Moses, Who has given a mouth to man, and who has made the very hard of hearing, and the deaf, the seeing and the blind? have not I, God?

11  The Lord said to him: “Who made the mouth of man? And who has formed the mute and the deaf, the seeing and the blind? Was it not I?

4:12  Now therefore go, and I will be with thy mouth, and teach thee what thou shalt speak.'

12  And now go and I will open thy mouth, and will instruct thee in what thou shalt say.

12  Go on, therefore, and I will be in your mouth. And I will teach you what you shall say.”

4:13  And he said: 'Oh Lord, send, I pray Thee, by the hand of him whom Thou wilt send.'

13  And Moses said, I pray thee, Lord, appoint another able person whom thou shalt send.

13  But he said, “I beg you, O Lord, send whomever else you would send.”

4:14  And the anger of YHWH was kindled against Moses, and He said: 'Is there not Aaron thy brother the Levite? I know that he can speak well. And also, behold, he cometh forth to meet thee; and when he seeth thee, he will be glad in his heart.

14  The Lord, being angry at Moses, said: “Aaron the Levite is your brother. I know that he is eloquent. Behold, he is going out to meet you, and seeing you, he will rejoice in heart.

4:15  And thou shalt speak unto him, and put the words in his mouth; and I will be with thy mouth, and with his mouth, and will teach you what ye shall do.

15  Speak to him, and put my words in his mouth. And I will be in your mouth and in his mouth, and I will reveal to you what you must do.

4:16  And he shall be thy spokesman unto the people; and it shall come to pass, that he shall be to thee a mouth, and thou shalt be to him in God's stead.

16  And he shall speak for thee to the people, and he shall be thy mouth, and thou shalt be for him in things pertaining to God.

16  He will speak for you to the people, and he will be your mouth. But you will be with him in those things that pertain to God.

4:17  And thou shalt take in thy hand this rod, wherewith thou shalt do the signs.'

17  Also, take this staff into your hand; with it you will accomplish the signs.”

4:18  And Moses went and returned to Jethro his father-in-law, and said unto him: 'Let me go, I pray thee, and return unto my brethren that are in Egypt, and see whether they be yet alive.' And Jethro said to Moses: 'Go in peace.'

18  Moses went forth, and he returned to Jethro, his father in law, and he said to him, “I shall go and return to my brothers in Egypt, so that I may see if they are still alive.” And Jethro said to him, “Go in peace.”

4:19  And YHWH said unto Moses in Midian: 'Go, return into Egypt; for all the men are dead that sought thy life.'

19  And the Lord said to Moses in Madiam, Go, depart into Egypt, for all that sought thy life are dead.

19  And so the Lord said to Moses in Midian: “Go, and return to Egypt. For all those who sought your life have died.”

4:20  And Moses took his wife and his sons, and set them upon an ass, and he returned to the land of Egypt; and Moses took the rod of God in his hand.

20  Therefore, Moses took his wife and his sons, and he placed them upon a donkey, and he returned into Egypt, carrying the staff of God in his hand.

4:21  And YHWH said unto Moses: 'When thou goest back into Egypt, see that thou do before Pharaoh all the wonders which I have put in thy hand; but I will harden his heart, and he will not let the people go.

21  And the Lord said to Moses, When thou goest and returnest to Egypt, see—all the miracles I have charged thee with, thou shalt work before Pharao: and I will harden his heart, and he shall certainly not send away the people.

4:22  And thou shalt say unto Pharaoh: Thus saith YHWH: Israel is My son, My first-born.

22  And you shall say to him: ‘Thus says the Lord: Israel is my firstborn son.

4:23  And I have said unto thee: Let My son go, that he may serve Me; and thou hast refused to let him go. Behold, I will slay thy son, thy first-born.'--

23  I have said to you: Release my son, so that he may serve me. And you were not willing to release him. Behold, I will put to death your firstborn son.’ ”

23  And I say to you, Let my son go, that he may serve me; and if you refuse to let him go, behold, I will slay your first-born son.

4:24  And it came to pass on the way at the lodging-place, that YHWH met him, and sought to kill him.

24  And while he was on the journey, at an inn, the Lord met him, and he was willing to kill him.

4:25  Then Zipporah took a flint, and cut off the foreskin of her son, and cast it at his feet; and she said: 'Surely a bridegroom of blood art thou to me.'

25  and Sepphora having taken a stone cut off the foreskin of her son, and fell at his feet and said, The blood of the circumcision of my son is staunched

25  For this reason, Zipporah took a very sharp stone, and she circumcised the foreskin of her son, and she touched his feet, and she said, “You are a bloody spouse to me.”

4:26  So He let him alone. Then she said: 'A bridegroom of blood in regard of the circumcision.'

26  and he departed from him, because she said, The blood of the circumcision of my son is staunched.

4:27  And YHWH said to Aaron: 'Go into the wilderness to meet Moses.' And he went, and met him in the mountain of God, and kissed him.

27  And the Lord said to Aaron, Go into the wilderness to meet Moses; and he went and met him in the mount of God, and they kissed each other.

4:28  And Moses told Aaron all the words of YHWH wherewith He had sent him, and all the signs wherewith He had charged him.

4:29  And Moses and Aaron went and gathered together all the elders of the children of Israel.

29  And they arrived at the same time, and they gathered together all the elders of the sons of Israel.

4:30  And Aaron spoke all the words which YHWH had spoken unto Moses, and did the signs in the sight of the people.

4:31  And the people believed; and when they heard that YHWH had remembered the children of Israel, and that He had seen their affliction, then they bowed their heads and worshipped.

31  and the people believed and rejoiced, because God visited the children of Israel, and because he saw their affliction: and the people bowed and worshipped.

5:1  And afterward Moses and Aaron came, and said unto Pharaoh: 'Thus saith YHWH, the God of Israel: Let My people go, that they may hold a feast unto Me in the wilderness.'

1  And after this went in Moses and Aaron to Pharao, and they said to him, These things says the Lord God of Israel, Send my people away, that they may keep a feast to me in the wilderness.

1  After these things, Moses and Aaron entered, and they said to Pharaoh: “Thus says the Lord God of Israel: Release my people, so that they may sacrifice to me in the desert.”

5:2  And Pharaoh said: 'Who is YHWH, that I should hearken unto His voice to let Israel go? I know not the YHWH, and moreover I will not let Israel go.'

2  And Pharao said, Who is he that I should hearken to his voice, so that I should send away the children of Israel? I do not know the Lord, and I will not let Israel go.

2  But he responded: “Who is the Lord, that I should listen to his voice and release Israel? I do not know the Lord, and I will not release Israel.”

5:3  And they said: 'The God of the Hebrews hath met with us. Let us go, we pray thee, three days' journey into the wilderness, and sacrifice unto YHWH our God; lest He fall upon us with pestilence, or with the sword.'

3  And they say to him, The God of the Hebrews has called us to him: we will go therefore a three days’ journey into the wilderness, that we may sacrifice to the Lord our God, lest at any time death or slaughter happen to us.

5:4  And the king of Egypt said unto them: 'Wherefore do ye, Moses and Aaron, cause the people to break loose from their work? get you unto your burdens.'

4  The king of Egypt said to them: “Why do you, Moses and Aaron, distract the people from their works? Go back to your burdens.”

5:5  And Pharaoh said: 'Behold, the people of the land are now many, and will ye make them rest from their burdens?'

5  And Pharao said, Behold now, the people is very numerous; let us not then give them rest from their work.

5  And Pharaoh said: “The people of the land are many. You see that the turmoil has increased: how much more if you give them rest from the works?”

5:6  And the same day Pharaoh commanded the taskmasters of the people, and their officers, saying

6  And Pharao gave orders to the task-masters of the people and the accountants, saying,

6  Therefore, on the same day, he instructed the overseers of the works, and the taskmasters of the people, saying

5:7  'Ye shall no more give the people straw to make brick, as heretofore. Let them go and gather straw for themselves.

7  Ye shall no longer give straw to the people for brick-making as yesterday and the third day; but let them go themselves, and collect straw for themselves.

7  “You shall no longer give chaff to the people to form bricks, as before. But they may go and gather straw.

5:8  And the tale of the bricks, which they did make heretofore, ye shall lay upon them; ye shall not diminish aught thereof; for they are idle; therefore they cry, saying: Let us go and sacrifice to our God.

8  And you shall impose upon them the same quota of bricks that they made before. Neither will you lessen anything, for they are idle, and therefore they cry out, saying: ‘We shall go and sacrifice to our God.’

8  But the number of bricks which they did make heretofore, you shall lay upon them; you shall not reduce the number thereof; for they are idle; that is why they cry, saying, Let us go and sacrifice to our God.

5:9  Let heavier work be laid upon the men, that they may labour therein; and let them not regard lying words.'

9  They shall be oppressed with works, and these shall occupy them, so that they may not agree to lying words.”

9  Let more work be assigned to the men, that they may be occupied, so that they may not think to engage in vain conversations.

5:10  And the taskmasters of the people went out, and their officers, and they spoke to the people, saying: 'Thus saith Pharaoh: I will not give you straw.

10  And so the overseers of the works and the taskmasters went out and said to the people: “Thus says Pharaoh: I give you no chaff.

5:11  Go yourselves, get you straw where ye can find it; for nought of your work shall be diminished.'

11  Go ye, yourselves, get for yourselves straw whencesoever ye can find it, for nothing is diminished from your rate.

11  Go, and collect it wherever you are able to find it. Neither will anything of your work be diminished.”

5:12  So the people were scattered abroad throughout all the land of Egypt to gather stubble for straw.

12  And the people were dispersed through all the land of Egypt, in order to gather straw.

5:13  And the taskmasters were urgent, saying: 'Fulfil your work, your daily task, as when there was straw.'

13  Likewise, the overseers of the works pressured them, saying: “Complete your work each day, just as you were accustomed to do before, when straw was given to you.”

13  And the taskmasters pressed them, saying, Complete your work as you have always done, as when straw was given to you.

5:14  And the officers of the children of Israel, whom Pharaoh's taskmasters had set over them, were beaten, saying: 'Wherefore have ye not fulfilled your appointed task in making brick both yesterday and today as heretofore?'

14  And the accountants of the race of the children of Israel, who were set over them by the masters of Pharao, were scourged, and questioned, men saying, Why have ye not fulfilled your rates of brick-work as yesterday and the third day, to-day also?

14  And those who were first in the works of the sons of Israel were scourged by Pharaoh’s taskmasters, saying: “Why have you not filled the quota of bricks, neither yesterday, nor today, just as before?”

5:15  Then the officers of the children of Israel came and cried unto Pharaoh, saying: 'Wherefore dealest thou thus with thy servants?

15  And the accountants of the children of Israel went in and cried to Pharao, saying, Why dost thou act thus to thy servants?

5:16  There is no straw given unto thy servants, and they say to us: Make brick; and, behold, thy servants are beaten, but the fault is in thine own people.'

16  Straw is not given to thy servants, and they tell us to make brick; and behold thy servants have been scourged: thou wilt therefore injure thy people.

16  Straw is not given to us, and yet the same amount of bricks is commanded. So we, your servants, are cut up by scourging, and injustice is done against your people.”

5:17  But he said: 'Ye are idle, ye are idle; therefore ye say: Let us go and sacrifice to YHWH.

17  And he said to them, Ye are idle, ye are idlers: therefore ye say, Let us go and do sacrifice to our God.

17  But Pharaoh said to them, You are surely idle; therefore you say, Let us go and sacrifice to the LORD.

5:18  Go therefore now, and work; for there shall no straw be given you, yet shall ye deliver the tale of bricks.'

18  Now then go and work, for straw shall not be given to you, yet ye shall return the rate of bricks.

18  Therefore, go and work. Straw will not be given to you, and you will return the customary number of bricks.”

5:19  And the officers of the children of Israel did see that they were set on mischief, when they said: 'Ye shall not diminish aught from your bricks, your daily task.'

19  And the accountants of the children of Israel saw themselves in an evil plight, men saying, Ye shall not fail to deliver the daily rate of the brick-making.

5:20  And they met Moses and Aaron, who stood in the way, as they came forth from Pharaoh;

5:21  and they said unto them: 'YHWH look upon you, and judge; because ye have made our savour to be abhorred in the eyes of Pharaoh, and in the eyes of his servants, to put a sword in their hand to slay us.'

21  And they said to them, The Lord look upon you and judge you, for ye have made our savour abominable before Pharao, and before his servants, to put a sword into his hands to slay us.

5:22  And Moses returned unto YHWH, and said: 'Lord, wherefore hast Thou dealt ill with this people? why is it that Thou hast sent me?

22  And Moses returned to the Lord, and he said: “Lord, why have you afflicted this people? Why have you sent me?

5:23  For since I came to Pharaoh to speak in Thy name, he hath dealt ill with this people; neither hast Thou delivered Thy people at all.'

23  For from the time that I went to Pharao to speak in thy name, he has afflicted this people, and thou hast not delivered thy people.

6:1  And YHWH said unto Moses: 'Now shalt thou see what I will do to Pharaoh; for by a strong hand shall he let them go, and by a strong hand shall he drive them out of his land.'

1  And the Lord said to Moses, Now thou shalt see what I will do to Pharao; for he shall send them forth with a mighty hand, and with a high arm shall he cast them out of his land.

6:2  And God spoke unto Moses, and said unto him: 'I am YHWH;

2  And the Lord spoke to Moses, saying: “I am the Lord,

6:3  and I appeared unto Abraham, unto Isaac, and unto Jacob, as God Almighty, but by My name Jehovah I made Me not known to them.

3  And I appeared to Abraam and Isaac and Jacob, being their God, but I did not manifest to them my name Lord.

3  who appeared to Abraham, to Isaac, and to Jacob as Almighty God. And I did not reveal to them my name: ADONAI.

6:4  And I have also established My covenant with them, to give them the land of Canaan, the land of their sojournings, wherein they sojourned.

4  And I established my covenant with them, to give them the land of the Chananites, the land wherein they sojourned, in which also they dwelt as strangers.

4  And I formed a covenant with them, in order to give them the land of Canaan, the land of their sojourning, in which they were newcomers.

6:5  And moreover I have heard the groaning of the children of Israel, whom the Egyptians keep in bondage; and I have remembered My covenant.

5  And I hearkened to the groaning of the children of Israel (the affliction with which the Egyptians enslave them) and I remembered the covenant with you.

5  I have heard the groaning of the sons of Israel, with which the Egyptians have oppressed them. And I have remembered my covenant.

6:6  Wherefore say unto the children of Israel: I am YHWH, and I will bring you out from under the burdens of the Egyptians, and I will deliver you from their bondage, and I will redeem you with an outstretched arm, and with great judgments;

6  For this reason, say to the sons of Israel: I am the Lord who will lead you away from the work house of the Egyptians, and rescue you from servitude, and also redeem you with an exalted arm and great judgments.

6:7  and I will take you to Me for a people, and I will be to you a God; and ye shall know that I am YHWH your God, who brought you out from under the burdens of the Egyptians.

6:8  And I will bring you in unto the land, concerning which I lifted up My hand to give it to Abraham, to Isaac, and to Jacob; and I will give it you for a heritage: I am YHWH.'

8  and who brought you into the land, over which I lifted up my hand in order to grant it to Abraham, Isaac, and Jacob. And I will grant it to you as a possession. I am the Lord.”

6:9  And Moses spoke so unto the children of Israel; but they hearkened not unto Moses for impatience of spirit, and for cruel bondage.

9  And so, Moses explained all these things to the sons of Israel, who did not agree with him, because of their anguish of spirit and very difficult work.

9  And Moses spake so unto the children of Israel: but they hearkened not unto Moses for anguish of spirit, and for cruel bondage. And they are saying to Moses: leave us please and we shall serve to Egyptians because it is good for us to be servants of Egyptians than to die in the wilderness.

6:10  And YHWH spoke unto Moses, saying

10  And the Lord spoke to Moses, saying,

6:11  'Go in, speak unto Pharaoh king of Egypt, that he let the children of Israel go out of his land.'

11  “Enter and speak to Pharaoh, king of Egypt, so that he may release the sons of Israel from his land.”

6:12  And Moses spoke before YHWH, saying: 'Behold, the children of Israel have not hearkened unto me; how then shall Pharaoh hear me, who am of uncircumcised lips?'

12  Moses responded in the sight the Lord: “Behold, the sons of Israel do not listen to me. And how will Pharaoh listen to me, especially since I am of uncircumcised lips?”

12  But Moses said to the LORD, Behold, the children of Israel have not hearkened to me; how then shall Pharaoh listen to me, for I am a stutterer?

6:13  And YHWH spoke unto Moses and unto Aaron, and gave them a charge unto the children of Israel, and unto Pharaoh king of Egypt, to bring the children of Israel out of the land of Egypt.

13  And the Lord spoke to Moses and Aaron, and he gave them a commandment for the sons of Israel, and for Pharaoh, the king of Egypt, that they should lead the sons of Israel away from the land of Egypt.

6:14  These are the heads of their fathers' houses: the sons of Reuben the first-born of Israel: Hanoch, and Pallu, Hezron, and Carmi. These are the families of Reuben.

14  And these are the heads of the houses of their families: the sons of Ruben the first-born of Israel; Enoch and Phallus, Asron, and Charmi, this is the kindred of Ruben.

6:15  And the sons of Simeon: Jemuel, and Jamin, and Ohad, and Jachin, and Zohar, and Shaul the son of a Canaanitish woman. These are the families of Simeon.

15  These are the kindred of Reuben. The sons of Simeon: Jemuel and Jamin, and Ohad, and Jachin, and Zohar, and Shaul, the son of a Canaanite women. These are the progeny of Simeon.

6:16  And these are the names of the sons of Levi according to their generations: Gershon and Kohath, and Merari. And the years of the life of Levi were a hundred thirty and seven years.

6:17  The sons of Gershon: Libni and Shimei, according to their families.

17  And these are the sons of Gedson, Lobeni and Semei, the houses of their family. And the sons of Caath,

6:18  And the sons of Kohath: Amram, and Izhar, and Hebron, and Uzziel. And the years of the life of Kohath were a hundred thirty and three years.

18  Ambram and Issaar, Chebron, and Oziel; and the years of the life of Caath were a hundred and thirty-three years.

18  The sons of Kohath: Amram, and Izhar, and Hebron and Uzziel. Likewise, the years of the life of Kohath were one hundred and thirty-three.

6:19  And the sons of Merari: Mahli and Mushi. These are the families of the Levites according to their generations.

19  The sons of Merari: Mahli and Mushi. These are the kindred of Levi by their families.

6:20  And Amram took him Jochebed his father's sister to wife; and she bore him Aaron and Moses. And the years of the life of Amram were a hundred and thirty and seven years.

20  And Ambram took to wife Jochabed the daughter of his father’s brother, and she bore to him both Aaron and Moses, and Mariam their sister: and the years of the life of Ambram were a hundred and thirty-two years.

20  Now Amram took as a wife Jochebed, his paternal aunt, who bore for him Aaron and Moses. And the years of the life of Amram were one hundred and thirty-seven.

6:21  And the sons of Izhar: Korah, and Nepheg, and Zichri.

21  Likewise, the sons of Izhar: Korah, and Nepheg, and Zichri.

6:22  And the sons of Uzziel: Mishael, and Elzaphan, and Sithri.

22  Likewise, the sons of Uzziel: Mishael, and Elzaphan, and Sithri.

6:23  And Aaron took him Elisheba, the daughter of Amminadab, the sister of Nahshon, to wife; and she bore him Nadab and Abihu, Eleazar and Ithamar.

23  Now Aaron took as a wife Elizabeth, the daughter of Amminadab, sister of Nahshon, who bore for him Nadab, and Abihu, and Eleazar, and Ithamar.

6:24  And the sons of Korah: Assir, and Elkanah, and Abiasaph; these are the families of the Korahites.

24  And the sons of Core, Asir, and Elkana, and Abiasar, these are the generations of Core.

24  Likewise, the sons of Korah: Assir, and Elkanah, and Abiasaph. These are the kindred of the Korahites.

6:25  And Eleazar Aaron's son took him one of the daughters of Putiel to wife; and she bore him Phinehas. These are the heads of the fathers' houses of the Levites according to their families.

25  And truly Eleazar, the son of Aaron, took a wife from the daughters of Putiel. And she bore him Phinehas. These are the heads of the Levitical families by their kindred.

6:26  These are that Aaron and Moses, to whom YHWH said: 'Bring out the children of Israel from the land of Egypt according to their hosts.'

26  This is Aaron and Moses, whom God told to bring out the children of Israel out of the land of Egypt with their forces.

6:27  These are they that spoke to Pharaoh king of Egypt, to bring out the children of Israel from Egypt. These are that Moses and Aaron.

27  It was they who spoke to Pharaoh king of Egypt, to bring out the children of Israel from the land of Egypt: Moses and Aaron.

6:28  And it came to pass on the day when YHWH spoke unto Moses in the land of Egypt,

28  in the day in which the Lord spoke to Moses in the land of Egypt;

6:29  that YHWH spoke unto Moses, saying: 'I am the YHWH; speak thou unto Pharaoh king of Egypt all that I speak unto thee.'

29  then the Lord spoke to Moses, saying, I am the Lord: speak to Pharao king of Egypt whatsoever I say to thee.

29  And the Lord spoke to Moses, saying: “I am the Lord. Speak to Pharaoh, king of Egypt, all that I speak to you.”

6:30  And Moses said before YHWH: 'Behold, I am of uncircumcised lips, and how shall Pharaoh hearken unto me?'

30  And Moses said in the sight of the Lord: “Lo, I am of uncircumcised lips, how will Pharaoh listen to me?”

30  And Moses said to the LORD, My tongue stutters; how shall Pharaoh hearken to me?

7:1  And YHWH said unto Moses: 'See, I have set thee in God's stead to Pharaoh; and Aaron thy brother shall be thy prophet.

1  And the Lord spoke to Moses, saying, Behold, I have made thee a god to Pharao, and Aaron thy brother shall be thy prophet.

7:2  Thou shalt speak all that I command thee; and Aaron thy brother shall speak unto Pharaoh, that he let the children of Israel go out of his land.

2  You will speak to him all that I command you. And he will speak to Pharaoh, so that he may release the sons of Israel from his land.

7:3  And I will harden Pharaoh's heart, and multiply My signs and My wonders in the land of Egypt.

3  But I will harden his heart, and I will multiply my signs and wonders in the land of Egypt,

7:4  But Pharaoh will not hearken unto you, and I will lay My hand upon Egypt, and bring forth My hosts, My people the children of Israel, out of the land of Egypt, by great judgments.

4  And Pharao will not hearken to you, and I will lay my hand upon Egypt; and will bring out my people the children of Israel with my power out of the land of Egypt with great vengeance.

4  and he will not listen to you. And I will send my hand over Egypt, and I will lead my army and my people, the sons of Israel, from the land of Egypt, through very great judgments.

7:5  And the Egyptians shall know that I am YHWH, when I stretch forth My hand upon Egypt, and bring out the children of Israel from among them.'

5  And all the Egyptians shall know that I am the Lord, stretching out my hand upon Egypt, and I will bring out the children of Israel out of the midst of them.

7:6  And Moses and Aaron did so; as YHWH commanded them, so did they.

6  And so, Moses and Aaron did just as the Lord had instructed. And so it was done.

7:7  And Moses was fourscore years old, and Aaron fourscore and three years old, when they spoke unto Pharaoh.

7  And Moses was eighty years old, and Aaron his brother was eighty-three years old, when he spoke to Pharao.

7:8  And YHWH spoke unto Moses and unto Aaron, saying

8  And the Lord spoke to Moses and Aaron, saying,

7:9  'When Pharaoh shall speak unto you, saying: Show a wonder for you; then thou shalt say unto Aaron: Take thy rod, and cast it down before Pharaoh, that it become a serpent.'

9  Now if Pharao should speak to you, saying, Give us a sign or a wonder, then shalt thou say to thy brother Aaron, Take thy rod and cast it upon the ground before Pharao, and before his servants, and it shall become a serpent.

9  “When Pharaoh will say to you, ‘Show signs,’ you shall say to Aaron, ‘Take your staff, and cast it down before Pharaoh, and it will be turned into a snake.’ ”

7:10  And Moses and Aaron went in unto Pharaoh, and they did so, as YHWH had commanded; and Aaron cast down his rod before Pharaoh and before his servants, and it became a serpent.

10  And so Moses and Aaron entered to Pharaoh, and they did just as the Lord had commanded. And Aaron took the staff in the sight of Pharaoh and his servants, and it was turned into a snake.

10  So Moses and Aaron went to Pharaoh, and they did as the LORD had commanded; and Aaron cast down his staff before Pharaoh and before his noblemen, and it became a serpent.

7:11  Then Pharaoh also called for the wise men and the sorcerers; and they also, the magicians of Egypt, did in like manner with their secret arts.

11  But Pharao called together the wise men of Egypt, and the sorcerers, and the charmers also of the Egyptians did likewise with their sorceries.

11  Then Pharaoh called the wise men and the sorcerers. And they also, by Egyptian incantations and certain secrets, did similarly.

7:12  For they cast down every man his rod, and they became serpents; but Aaron's rod swallowed up their rods.

12  And they cast down each his rod, and they became serpents, but the rod of Aaron swallowed up their rods.

12  And each one cast down their staffs, and they were turned into serpents. But the staff of Aaron devoured their staffs.

7:13  And Pharaoh's heart was hardened, and he hearkened not unto them; as YHWH had spoken.

13  and the heart of Pharao was hardened, and he hearkened not to them, as the Lord charged them.

13  However Pharaoh's heart was hardened, and would not let them go, as the LORD had said.

7:14  And YHWH said unto Moses: 'Pharaoh's heart is stubborn, he refuseth to let the people go.

14  and the Lord said to Moses, The heart of Pharao is made hard, so that he should not let the people go.

14  Then the Lord said to Moses: “The heart of Pharaoh has been hardened; he is not willing to release the people.

7:15  Get thee unto Pharaoh in the morning; lo, he goeth out unto the water; and thou shalt stand by the river's brink to meet him; and the rod which was turned to a serpent shalt thou take in thy hand.

15  Go to him in the morning; behold, he will go out to the waters. And you will stand to meet him above the bank of the river. And you will take, in your hand, the staff that was turned into a serpent.

15  Go to Pharaoh in the morning; behold, he goes out to his daily duty; and you stand toward him by the river's brink and wait; and take in your hand the staff which was turned into a serpent.

7:16  And thou shalt say unto him: YHWH, the God of the Hebrews, hath sent me unto thee, saying: Let My people go, that they may serve Me in the wilderness; and, behold, hitherto thou hast not hearkened;

16  And you will say to him: ‘The Lord God of the Hebrews sent me to you, saying: Release my people in order to sacrifice to me in the desert. And even until the present time, you were not willing to listen.

16  And you shall say to him, The LORD God of the Hebrews has sent me to you, saying, Let my people go that they may serve me in the wilderness; and, behold, hitherto you have not listened.

7:17  thus saith YHWH: In this thou shalt know that I am the YHWH--behold, I will smite with the rod that is in my hand upon the waters which are in the river, and they shall be turned to blood.

7:18  And the fish that are in the river shall die, and the river shall become foul; and the Egyptians shall loathe to drink water from the river.'

18  Also, the fishes that are in the river will die, and the waters will be polluted, and the Egyptians will be afflicted when they drink the water of the river.’ ”

18  And the fish that is in the river shall die, and the river shall stink; and the Egyptians shall loathe to drink of the water of the river. And they are coming, Moses and Aaron to Pharaoh and they are saying to him: LORD of Hebrews send us to you to say: let people go with me and they shall serve me in the wilderness. And behold, you did not listen until now. Thus says the LORD: in this you shall know that I'm the LORD. Behold, I'm smiting with rod which is in hand of me over waters which are in the waterway, and they are turning into blood. And the fish, which is in the waterway, shall die. And the waterway stinks, and they are disgusted the Egyptians to drink from waters of the waterway.

7:19  And YHWH said unto Moses: 'Say unto Aaron: Take thy rod, and stretch out thy hand over the waters of Egypt, over their rivers, over their streams, and over their pools, and over all their ponds of water, that they may become blood; and there shall be blood throughout all the land of Egypt, both in vessels of wood and in vessels of stone.'

7:20  And Moses and Aaron did so, as YHWH commanded; and he lifted up the rod, and smote the waters that were in the river, in the sight of Pharaoh, and in the sight of his servants; and all the waters that were in the river were turned to blood.

20  And Moses and Aaron did just as the Lord had instructed. And lifting up the staff, he struck the water of the river in the sight of Pharaoh and his servants. And it was turned into blood.

7:21  And the fish that were in the river died; and the river became foul, and the Egyptians could not drink water from the river; and the blood was throughout all the land of Egypt.

21  And the fishes that were in the river died, and the river was polluted, and the Egyptians were not able to drink the water of the river, and there was blood throughout the entire land of Egypt.

7:22  And the magicians of Egypt did in like manner with their secret arts; and Pharaoh's heart was hardened, and he hearkened not unto them; as YHWH had spoken.

22  And the charmers also of the Egyptians did so with their sorceries; and the heart of Pharao was hardened, and he did not hearken to them, even as the Lord said.

22  And the sorcerers of the Egyptians, with their incantations, did similarly. And the heart of Pharaoh was hardened, he did not listen to them, just as the Lord had instructed.

7:23  And Pharaoh turned and went into his house, neither did he lay even this to heart.

23  And Pharao turned and entered into his house, nor did he fix his attention even on this thing.

23  And he turned himself away, and he entered his house, neither did he apply his heart to this turn of events.

7:24  And all the Egyptians digged round about the river for water to drink; for they could not drink of the water of the river.

24  Then all the Egyptians dug along the borders of the river for water to drink. For they were not able to drink from the water of the river.

7:25  And seven days were fulfilled, after that YHWH had smitten the river.

8:2  And if thou refuse to let them go, behold, I will smite all thy borders with frogs.

2  But if you are not willing to release them, behold, I will strike all your coasts with frogs.

8:3  And the river shall swarm with frogs, which shall go up and come into thy house, and into thy bed-chamber, and upon thy bed, and into the house of thy servants, and upon thy people, and into thine ovens, and into thy kneading-troughs.

3  And the river will seethe with frogs, which will go up and enter into your house, and your bedroom, and upon your bed, and into the houses of your servants and your people, and into your ovens, and into the remains of your foods.

8:4  And the frogs shall come up both upon thee, and upon thy people, and upon all thy servants.'

4  And to you, and to your people, and to all your servants, the frogs will enter.’ ”

Ex7:29  And the frogs shall come up both on thee, and upon thy people, and upon all thy servants. And they are coming, Moses and Aaron to Pharaoh, and they are saying to him: Thus says the LORD: let go people with me, and they shall serve me. And if you are refusing to let them go, behold, I am smiting all boundary of you with frogs. And swarms the waterway with frogs and they will rise and come in houses of you, and in chambers of you, beds of you, and over couches of you. And in houses servants of you and people of you, and in furnaces of you, and in kneading troughs of you, and beds, and in people, and in all servants of you, they will rise the frogs.

8:5  And YHWH said unto Moses: 'Say unto Aaron: Stretch forth thy hand with thy rod over the rivers, over the canals, and over the pools, and cause frogs to come up upon the land of Egypt.'

5  And the Lord said to Moses, Say to Aaron thy brother, Stretch forth with the hand thy rod over the rivers, and over the canals, and over the pools, and bring up the frogs.

5  And the LORD spake unto Moses, Say unto Aaron, Stretch forth thine hand with thy rod over the streams, and over the rivers, and over the ponds, and cause frogs to come up upon the land of Egypt. And he is saying Moses to Aaron: stretch with your hand and in rod of you, and they rise frogs over land of Egypt

8:6  And Aaron stretched out his hand over the waters of Egypt; and the frogs came up, and covered the land of Egypt.

8:7  And the magicians did in like manner with their secret arts, and brought up frogs upon the land of Egypt.

7  And the charmers of the Egyptians also did likewise with their sorceries, and brought up the frogs on the land of Egypt.

7  Then the sorcerers also, by their incantations, did similarly, and they brought forth frogs upon the land of Egypt.

8:8  Then Pharaoh called for Moses and Aaron, and said: 'Entreat YHWH, that He take away the frogs from me, and from my people; and I will let the people go, that they may sacrifice unto the YHWH.'

8  And Pharao called Moses and Aaron, and said, Pray for me to the Lord, and let him take away the frogs from me and from my people; and I will send them away, and they shall sacrifice to the Lord.

8  But Pharaoh called Moses and Aaron, and he said to them: “Pray to the Lord, so as to take away the frogs from me and from my people. And I will release the people, so as to sacrifice to the Lord.”

8:9  And Moses said unto Pharaoh: 'Have thou this glory over me; against what time shall I entreat for thee, and for thy servants, and for thy people, that the frogs be destroyed from thee and thy houses, and remain in the river only?'

9  And Moses said to Pharaoh: “Appoint for me a time, when I should petition on behalf of you, and your servants, and your people, so that the frogs may be driven away from you, and from your house, and from your servants, and from your people, and so that they may remain only in the river.”

9  And Moses said to Pharaoh, Appoint a time; when shall I pray for you and for your servants and for your people, to destroy the frogs from you and your house?

8:10  And he said: 'Against to-morrow.' And he said: 'Be it according to thy word; that thou mayest know that there is none like unto YHWH our God.

10  And he said, On the morrow: he said therefore, As thou has said; that thou mayest know, that there is no other God but the Lord.

10  And he responded, “Tomorrow.” Then he said, “I will act according to your word, so that you may know that there is no one like the Lord our God.

8:11  And the frogs shall depart from thee, and from thy houses, and from thy servants, and from thy people; they shall remain in the river only.'

11  And the frogs will withdraw from you, and from your house, and from your servants, and from your people. And they will remain only in the river.”

8:12  And Moses and Aaron went out from Pharaoh; and Moses cried unto YHWH concerning the frogs, which He had brought upon Pharaoh.

8:13  And YHWH did according to the word of Moses; and the frogs died out of the houses, out of the courts, and out of the fields.

13  And the Lord did as Moses said, and the frogs died out of the houses, and out of the villages, and out of the fields.

13  And the LORD did according to the word of Moses; and the frogs died that were in the houses and in the courtyards and in the fields.

8:14  And they gathered them together in heaps; and the land stank.

8:15  But when Pharaoh saw that there was respite, he hardened his heart, and hearkened not unto them; as YHWH had spoken.

15  And when Pharao saw that there was relief, his heart was hardened, and he did not hearken to them, as the Lord spoke.

15  Then Pharaoh, seeing that relief had been provided, hardened his own heart, and he did not listen to them, just as the Lord had instructed.

8:16  And YHWH said unto Moses: 'Say unto Aaron: Stretch out thy rod, and smite the dust of the earth, that it may become gnats throughout all the land of Egypt.'

16  And the Lord said to Moses, Say to Aaron, Stretch forth thy rod with thy hand and smite the dust of the earth; and there shall be lice both upon man, and upon quadrupeds, and in all the land of Egypt.

8:17  And they did so; and Aaron stretched out his hand with his rod, and smote the dust of the earth, and there were gnats upon man, and upon beast; all the dust of the earth became gnats throughout all the land of Egypt.

17  So Aaron stretched out his rod with his hand, and smote the dust of the earth; and the lice were on men and on quadrupeds, and in all the dust of the earth there were lice.

8:18  And the magicians did so with their secret arts to bring forth gnats, but they could not; and there were gnats upon man, and upon beast.

18  And the charmers also did so with their sorceries, to bring forth the louse, and they could not. And the lice were both on the men and on the quadrupeds.

18  And the sorcerers, with their incantations, did similarly, in order to bring forth stinging insects, but they were not able. And there were stinging insects, as much on men as on beasts.

8:19  Then the magicians said unto Pharaoh: 'This is the finger of God'; and Pharaoh's heart was hardened, and he hearkened not unto them; as YHWH had spoken.

19  So the charmers said to Pharao, This is the finger of God. But the heart of Pharao was hardened, and he hearkened not to them, as the Lord said.

19  And the sorcerers said to Pharaoh: “This is the finger of God.” And the heart of Pharaoh was hardened, and he did not listen to them, just as the Lord had instructed.

8:20  And YHWH said unto Moses: 'Rise up early in the morning, and stand before Pharaoh; lo, he cometh forth to the water; and say unto him: Thus saith the YHWH: Let My people go, that they may serve Me.

20  And the Lord said to Moses, Rise up early in the morning, and stand before Pharao: and behold, he will go forth to the water, and thou shalt say to him, These things says the Lord: Send away my people, that they may serve me in the wilderness.

20  The Lord also said to Moses: “Arise at first light, and stand in the sight of Pharaoh, for he will go out to the waters. And you will say to him: ‘Thus says the Lord: Release my people to sacrifice to me.

8:21  Else, if thou wilt not let My people go, behold, I will send swarms of flies upon thee, and upon thy servants, and upon thy people, and into thy houses; and the houses of the Egyptians shall be full of swarms of flies, and also the ground whereon they are.

21  And if thou wilt not let my people go, behold, I send upon thee, and upon thy servants, and upon thy people, and upon your houses, the dog-fly; and the houses of the Egyptians shall be filled with the dog-fly, even throughout the land upon which they are.

21  But if you will not release them, behold, I will send upon you, and upon your servants, and upon your people, and into your houses, diverse kinds of flies. And the houses of the Egyptians will be filled with diverse kinds of flies, as well as the whole land in which they will be.

8:22  And I will set apart in that day the land of Goshen, in which My people dwell, that no swarms of flies shall be there; to the end that thou mayest know that I am YHWH in the midst of the earth.

22  and I will distinguish marvellously in that day the land of Gesem, on which my people dwell, in which the dog-fly shall not be: that thou mayest know that I am the Lord the God of all the earth.

22  And in that day, I will cause a miracle in the land of Goshen, where my people are, so that flies will not be there. And you will know that I am the Lord in the midst of the earth.

8:23  And I will put a division between My people and thy people--by to-morrow shall this sign be.'

23  And I will put a difference between my people and thy people, and on the morrow shall this be on the land. And the Lord did thus.

23  And I will put a division between my people and thy people: tomorrow shall this sign be. And they are coming Moses and Aaron to Pharaoh, and they are saying to him: Thus says LORD: let my people go and they shall serve me. And that if you are not letting my people go, behold, I send in you, and in servants of you, and in people of you, and in houses of you the swarm. And they fill be filled houses of Egypt with swarm, and moreover the land which is theirs. And I will distinguish in this day with the land Goshen where are my people so that there is no swarm, so that you know that I'am the LORD within the land. And I will place the divisions between my people and your people. Tomorrow they will happen these signs.

8:24  And YHWH did so; and there came grievous swarms of flies into the house of Pharaoh, and into his servants' houses; and in all the land of Egypt the land was ruined by reason of the swarms of flies.

24  And the dog-fly came in abundance into the houses of Pharao, and into the houses of his servants, and into all the land of Egypt; and the land was destroyed by the dog-fly.

24  And the Lord did so. And there came very grievous flies into the houses of Pharaoh and of his servants, and into all the land of Egypt. And the land was polluted, in this way, by the flies.

8:25  And Pharaoh called for Moses and for Aaron, and said: 'Go ye, sacrifice to your God in the land.'

25  Then Pharaoh called for Moses and for Aaron, and said to them, Go, sacrifice to your God within the land.

8:26  And Moses said: 'It is not meet so to do; for we shall sacrifice the abomination of the Egyptians to YHWH our God; lo, if we sacrifice the abomination of the Egyptians before their eyes, will they not stone us?

26  And Moses said, It is not proper to do so; for we shall sacrifice to the LORD our God some of the animals that are an abomination to the Egyptians. And if we should sacrifice animals that are idols before Egyptian eyes, they would stone us.

8:27  We will go three days' journey into the wilderness, and sacrifice to YHWH our God, as He shall command us.'

27  We will go a journey of three days into the wilderness, and we will sacrifice to the Lord our God, as the Lord said to us.

8:28  And Pharaoh said: 'I will let you go, that ye may sacrifice to YHWH your God in the wilderness; only ye shall not go very far away; entreat for me.'

8:29  And Moses said: 'Behold, I go out from thee, and I will entreat YHWH that the swarms of flies may depart from Pharaoh, from his servants, and from his people, tomorrow; only let not Pharaoh deal deceitfully any more in not letting the people go to sacrifice to the YHWH.'

29  And Moses said, I then will go forth from thee and pray to God, and the dog-fly shall depart both from thy servants, and from thy people to-morrow. Do not thou, Pharao, deceive again, so as not to send the people away to do sacrifice to the Lord.

29  And Moses said, Behold, I go out from your presence and I will pray before the LORD and he will cause the swarms of flies to depart from Pharaoh, from his servants, and from his people, tomorrow; but let not Pharaoh deal deceitfully any more by refusing to allow the people to go to sacrifice to the LORD.

8:30  And Moses went out from Pharaoh, and entreated YHWH.

30  And Moses, departing from Pharaoh, prayed to the Lord.

30  So Moses went out from the presence of Pharaoh and prayed before the LORD.

8:31  And YHWH did according to the word of Moses; and He removed the swarms of flies from Pharaoh, from his servants, and from his people; there remained not one.

31  And the Lord did as Moses said, and removed the dog-fly from Pharao, and from his servants, and from his people, and there was not one left.

31  And he acted according to his word. And he took away the flies from Pharaoh, and from his servants, and from his people. There was not even one left behind.

8:32  And Pharaoh hardened his heart this time also, and he did not let the people go.

32  And Pharao hardened his heart, even on this occasion, and he would not send the people away.

32  And the heart of Pharaoh was hardened, so that, even at this turn, he would not release the people.

9:1  Then YHWH said unto Moses: 'Go in unto Pharaoh, and tell him: Thus saith the YHWH, the God of the Hebrews: Let My people go, that they may serve Me.

1  And the Lord said to Moses, Go in to Pharao, and thou shalt say to him, These things saith the Lord God of the Hebrews; Send my people away that they may serve me.

1  Then the Lord said to Moses: “Enter to Pharaoh, and say to him: ‘Thus says the Lord God of the Hebrews: Release my people, to sacrifice to me.

9:2  For if thou refuse to let them go, and wilt hold them still,

2  If however thou wilt not send my people away, but yet detainest them

2  But if you still refuse, and you retain them,

9:3  behold, the hand of YHWH is upon thy cattle which are in the field, upon the horses, upon the asses, upon the camels, upon the herds, and upon the flocks; there shall be a very grievous murrain.

3  behold, my hand will be over your fields. And a very grievous pestilence will be upon the horses, and the donkeys, and the camels, and the oxen, and the sheep.

3  Behold, the LORD will smite your cattle which are in the desert, the horses, the asses, the camels, the oxen, and the sheep; there shall be a very severe plague.

9:4  And YHWH shall make a division between the cattle of Israel and the cattle of Egypt; and there shall nothing die of all that belongeth to the children of Israel.'

4  And the Lord will cause a miracle between the possessions of Israel and the possessions of the Egyptians, so that nothing at all will perish from those things which belong to the sons of Israel.”

9:5  And YHWH appointed a set time, saying: 'Tomorrow the YHWH shall do this thing in the land.'

5  And God fixed a limit, saying, To-morrow the Lord will do this thing on the land.

5  And the LORD appointed a set time, saying, Tomorrow the LORD shall do this thing in the land. And they are coming Moses and Aaron to Pharaoh, and they are saying to him: Thus says LORD: these Hebrews are mine. Let my people go and they shall serve me. And that if you are refusing to let my people go, and you want to burden them more, behold, the hand of the LORD comes upon cattle of you that is in the field, in horses, and in donkeys, and in camels, and in flock: plague very heavy. And the LORD will distinguish between livestock of Israel and between livestock of Egypt, and not it shall die from plague all that belong to Israel. Tomorrow the LORD will do the plague this in the land.

9:6  And YHWH did that thing on the morrow, and all the cattle of Egypt died; but of the cattle of the children of Israel died not one.

6  And the Lord did this thing on the next day, and all the cattle of the Egyptians died, but of the cattle of the children of Israel there died not one.

6  Therefore, the Lord accomplished this word the next day. And all the animals of the Egyptians died. Yet truly, of the animals of the sons of Israel, nothing at all perished.

9:7  And Pharaoh sent, and, behold, there was not so much as one of the cattle of the Israelites dead. But the heart of Pharaoh was stubborn, and he did not let the people go.

7  And when Pharao saw, that of all the cattle of the children of Israel there died not one, the heart of Pharao was hardened, and he did not let the people go.

7  And Pharaoh sent to see; neither was there anything dead of those things that Israel possessed. And the heart of Pharaoh was hardened, and he did not release the people.

9:8  And YHWH said unto Moses and unto Aaron: 'Take to you handfuls of soot of the furnace, and let Moses throw it heavenward in the sight of Pharaoh.

8  And the Lord spoke to Moses and Aaron, saying, Take you handfuls of ashes of the furnace, and let Moses scatter it toward heaven before Pharao, and before his servants.

8  And the Lord said to Moses and to Aaron: “Take handfuls of ashes from the oven, and let Moses sprinkle it into the air, in the sight of Pharaoh.

9:9  And it shall become small dust over all the land of Egypt, and shall be a boil breaking forth with blains upon man and upon beast, throughout all the land of Egypt.'

9  And let it become dust over all the land of Egypt, and there shall be upon men and upon beasts sore blains breaking forth both on men and on beasts, in all the land of Egypt.

9  And let there be dust upon all the land of Egypt. For there will be sores and swelling pustules on men and on beasts, throughout the entire land of Egypt.”

9:10  And they took soot of the furnace, and stood before Pharaoh; and Moses threw it up heavenward; and it became a boil breaking forth with blains upon man and upon beast.

10  So he took of the ashes of the furnace before Pharao, and Moses scattered it toward heaven, and it became sore blains breaking forth both on men and on beasts.

10  And they took ashes from the oven, and they stood in the sight of Pharaoh, and Moses sprinkled it in the air. And there came sores with swelling pustules on men and on beasts.

9:11  And the magicians could not stand before Moses because of the boils; for the boils were upon the magicians, and upon all the Egyptians.

11  And the sorcerers could not stand before Moses because of the sores, for the sores were on the sorcerers, and in all the land of Egypt.

11  Neither could the sorcerers stand in the sight of Moses, because of the sores that were on them and on all the land of Egypt.

9:12  And YHWH hardened the heart of Pharaoh, and he hearkened not unto them; as the YHWH had spoken unto Moses.

12  And the Lord hardened Pharao’s heart, and he hearkened not to them, as the Lord appointed.

9:13  And YHWH said unto Moses: 'Rise up early in the morning, and stand before Pharaoh, and say unto him: Thus saith the YHWH, the God of the Hebrews: Let My people go, that they may serve Me.

13  And the Lord said to Moses, Rise up early in the morning, and stand before Pharao; and thou shalt say to him, These things saith the Lord God of the Hebrews, Send away my people that they may serve me.

9:14  For I will this time send all My plagues upon thy person, and upon thy servants, and upon thy people; that thou mayest know that there is none like Me in all the earth.

14  For at this present time do I send forth all my plagues into thine heart, and the heart of thy servants and of thy people; that thou mayest know that there is not another such as I in all the earth.

9:15  Surely now I had put forth My hand, and smitten thee and thy people with pestilence, and thou hadst been cut off from the earth.

15  For now I will stretch forth my hand and smite thee and kill thy people, and thou shalt be consumed from off the earth.

15  For now, extending my hand, I shall strike you and your people with pestilence, and you will perish from the earth.

9:16  But in very deed for this cause have I made thee to stand, to show thee My power, and that My name may be declared throughout all the earth.

16  And for this purpose hast thou been preserved, that I might display in thee my strength, and that my name might be published in all the earth.

16  But it was for this reason that I appointed you, so that I may reveal my strength by you, and so that my name may be described throughout all the earth.

9:17  As yet exaltest thou thyself against My people, that thou wilt not let them go?

17  Do you still retain my people, and are you still unwilling to release them?

9:18  Behold, tomorrow about this time I will cause it to rain a very grievous hail, such as hath not been in Egypt since the day it was founded even until now.

18  Behold, to-morrow at this hour I will rain a very great hail, such as has not been in Egypt, from the time it was created until this day.

18  So then, tomorrow, at this same hour, I will rain down exceedingly great hail, such as has not been in Egypt from the day that it was founded, even until this present time.

9:19  Now therefore send, hasten in thy cattle and all that thou hast in the field; for every man and beast that shall be found in the field, and shall not be brought home, the hail shall come down upon them, and they shall die.'

19  Send therefore now, and gather thy cattle, and all that thou hast in the field; for upon every man and beast which shall be found in the field, and shall not be brought home, the hail shall come down upon them, and they shall die. And they are coming Moses and Aaron to Pharaoh, and they are saying to him: Thus says LORD: these Hebrews are mine. Let my people go and they shall serve me. That this time I shall send all plagues of me into heart of you, and in servants of you, and in people of you, so that you know that there is no one like me in all the earth. That if I were to send hand of me and smite you and your people in plague, you would be destroyed from the earth. But I'm keeping you to show you vigour of me, and so that numbered names of me in all the earth. Still you extol yourself in my people so as not to let them go, behold, I'm causing rain to come tomorrow; very heavy hail that have not been seen in Egypt from the day of her foundation and until now. And now send for cattle of you, and for all which is yours in the field. All humans and the beast that will be found in the field and not gathered into the houses, when hail falls on them, they will die.

9:20  He that feared the word of YHWH among the servants of Pharaoh made his servants and his cattle flee into the houses;

20  He of the servants of Pharao that feared the word of the Lord, gathered his cattle into the houses.

20  He who feared the word of the Lord among the servants of Pharaoh caused his servants and cattle to flee together into the houses.

9:21  and he that regarded not the word of YHWH left his servants and his cattle in the field.

21  And he that did not attend in his mind to the word of the Lord, left the cattle in the fields.

21  But he who neglected the word of the Lord released his servants and cattle into the fields.

9:22  And YHWH said unto Moses: 'Stretch forth thy hand toward heaven, that there may be hail in all the land of Egypt, upon man, and upon beast, and upon every herb of the field, throughout the land of Egypt.'

22  And the Lord said to Moses, Stretch out thine hand to heaven, and there shall be hail on all the land of Egypt, both on the men and on the cattle, and on all the herbage on the land.

9:23  And Moses stretched forth his rod toward heaven; and YHWH sent thunder and hail, and fire ran down unto the earth; and the YHWH caused to hail upon the land of Egypt.

23  And Moses extended his staff into the sky, and the Lord sent thunder and hail, and also lightning dashing across the earth. And the Lord rained down hail upon the land of Egypt.

9:24  So there was hail, and fire flashing up amidst the hail, very grievous, such as had not been in all the land of Egypt since it became a nation.

24  And the hail and intermingled fire drove on together. And it was of such magnitude as had never before been seen in the entire land of Egypt, from the time when that nation was formed.

9:25  And the hail smote throughout all the land of Egypt all that was in the field, both man and beast; and the hail smote every herb of the field, and broke every tree of the field.

25  And the hail struck, throughout all the land of Egypt, everything that was in the fields, from man even to beast. And the hail struck down every plant of the field, and it broke every tree of the region.

9:26  Only in the land of Goshen, where the children of Israel were, was there no hail.

9:27  And Pharaoh sent, and called for Moses and Aaron, and said unto them: 'I have sinned this time; YHWH is righteous, and I and my people are wicked.

9:28  Entreat YHWH, and let there be enough of these mighty thunderings and hail; and I will let you go, and ye shall stay no longer.'

28  Pray then for me to the Lord, and let him cause the thunderings of God to cease, and the hail and the fire, and I will send you forth and ye shall remain no longer.

9:29  And Moses said unto him: 'As soon as I am gone out of the city, I will spread forth my hands unto YHWH; the thunders shall cease, neither shall there be any more hail; that thou mayest know that the earth is the YHWH'S.

29  And Moses said to him, When I shall have departed from the city, I will stretch out my hands to the Lord, and the thunderings shall cease, and the hail and the rain shall be no longer, that thou mayest know that the earth is the Lord’s.

29  Moses said: “When I have departed from the city, I will extend my hands to the Lord, and the thunders will cease, and the hail will not be, so that you may know that the earth belongs to the Lord.

9:30  But as for thee and thy servants, I know that ye will not yet fear YHWH God.'--

30  But I know that both you and your servants do not yet fear the Lord God.”

30  But as for you and your servants, I know that you have not yet feared the LORD God.

9:31  And the flax and the barley were smitten; for the barley was in the ear, and the flax was in bloom.

31  And so, the flax and the barley were damaged, because the barley was growing, and the flax was already developing grains.

9:32  But the wheat and the spelt were not smitten; for they ripen late.--

9:33  And Moses went out of the city from Pharaoh, and spread forth his hands unto YHWH; and the thunders and hail ceased, and the rain was not poured upon the earth.

33  And Moses, departing from Pharaoh out of the city, reached out his hands toward the Lord. And the thunders and hail ceased, neither did there drop any more rain upon the land.

9:34  And when Pharaoh saw that the rain and the hail and the thunders were ceased, he sinned yet more, and hardened his heart, he and his servants.

34  Then Pharaoh, seeing that the rain, and the hail, and the thunders had ceased, added to his sin.

9:35  And the heart of Pharaoh was hardened, and he did not let the children of Israel go; as YHWH had spoken by Moses.

35  And his heart was weighed down, along with that of his servants, and it was hardened exceedingly. Neither did he release the sons of Israel, just as the Lord had instructed by the hand of Moses.

10:1  And YHWH said unto Moses: 'Go in unto Pharaoh; for I have hardened his heart, and the heart of his servants, that I might show these My signs in the midst of them;

1  And the Lord spoke to Moses, saying, Go in to Pharao: for I have hardened his heart and the heart of his servants, that these signs may come upon them; in order

10:2  and that thou mayest tell in the ears of thy son, and of thy son's son, what I have wrought upon Egypt, and My signs which I have done among them; that ye may know that I am YHWH.'

2  And that thou mayest tell in the ears of thy son, and of thy son's son, what things I have wrought in Egypt, and my signs which I have done among them; that ye may know how that I am the LORD. God of you. And say to Pharaoh: Thus says the LORD:These Hebrews are mine. Until death you will refuse to answer before faces of me? Let my people go and they shall serve me. Because if you refuse to let people go with me, behold, I will bring tomorrow locusts in boundary of you. And it will cover all the earth and the earth will not be seen, and it will eat up all remains from the hail, and it will eat all herbage of the earth, and all fruit of the tree of the field. And it will fill houses you, and houses of your servants, and houses of all Egypt. And it will be such as your fathers and fathers of your fathers have not seen from day they came to the land and until now.

10:3  And Moses and Aaron went in unto Pharaoh, and said unto him: 'Thus saith YHWH, the God of the Hebrews: How long wilt thou refuse to humble thyself before Me? let My people go, that they may serve Me.

3  Therefore, Moses and Aaron entered to Pharaoh, and they said to him: “Thus says the Lord God of the Hebrews: How long will you be unwilling to be subject to me? Release my people to sacrifice to me.

10:4  Else, if thou refuse to let My people go, behold, to-morrow will I bring locusts into thy border;

4  But if thou wilt not send my people away, behold, at this hour to-morrow I will bring an abundance of locusts upon all thy coasts.

4  But if you resist, and you are unwilling to release them, behold, tomorrow I will bring locusts into your borders.

10:5  and they shall cover the face of the earth, that one shall not be able to see the earth; and they shall eat the residue of that which is escaped, which remaineth unto you from the hail, and shall eat every tree which groweth for you out of the field;

10:6  and thy houses shall be filled, and the houses of all thy servants, and the houses of all the Egyptians; as neither thy fathers nor thy fathers' fathers have seen, since the day that they were upon the earth unto this day.' And he turned, and went out from Pharaoh.

6  And they will fill your houses, and those of your servants and of all the Egyptians: so many as your fathers and ancestors have not seen, from the time that they rose up over the earth, even until this present day.” And he turned himself away, and he departed from Pharaoh.

6  And they shall fill your houses and the houses of your servants and the houses of all the Egyptians such as neither your fathers nor your grand fathers have seen, from the day that they were upon the earth even to this day. And they turned, and went out from the presence of Pharaoh.

10:7  And Pharaoh's servants said unto him: 'How long shall this man be a snare unto us? let the men go, that they may serve YHWH their God, knowest thou not yet that Egypt is destroyed?'

7  Then the servants of Pharaoh said to him: “How long must we endure this scandal? Release the men, in order to sacrifice to the Lord their God. Do you not see that Egypt is perishing?”

10:8  And Moses and Aaron were brought again unto Pharaoh; and he said unto them: 'Go, serve YHWH your God; but who are they that shall go?'

8  And they called back Moses and Aaron to Pharaoh, who said to them: “Go, sacrifice to the Lord your God. Who are they who would go?”

8  So Moses and Aaron were brought again to Pharaoh; and he said to them, Go, serve before the LORD your God; but who are they that are going?

10:9  And Moses said: 'We will go with our young and with our old, with our sons and with our daughters, with our flocks and with our herds we will go; for we must hold a feast unto YHWH.'

9  And Moses said, We will go with the young and the old, with our sons, and daughters, and sheep, and oxen, for it is a feast of the Lord.

9  Moses said: “We will travel with our little ones and our elderly, with our sons and daughters, with our sheep and herds. For it is a solemnity of the Lord our God.”

10:10  And he said unto them: 'So be YHWH with you, as I will let you go, and your little ones; see ye that evil is before your face.

10  And Pharaoh responded: “So let the Lord be with you. But if I were to release you and your little ones, who would doubt that you intend some great wickedness?

10  And Pharaoh said to them, Let the LORD be with you, but when I let you and your little ones go, look to it; perhaps you have evil intent.

10:11  Not so; go now ye that are men, and serve YHWH; for that is what ye desire.' And they were driven out from Pharaoh's presence.

11  It will not be so. However, go only with the men, and sacrifice to the Lord. For this, too, is what you yourselves requested.” And immediately they were cast out from the sight of Pharaoh.

11  Let it not be so; go now, the older men, and serve before the LORD; for it is the rest that you desire. And they were driven out from Pharaoh's presence.

10:12  And YHWH said unto Moses: 'Stretch out thy hand over the land of Egypt for the locusts, that they may come up upon the land of Egypt, and eat every herb of the land, even all that the hail hath left.'

12  And the Lord said to Moses, Stretch out thine hand over the land of Egypt, and let the locust come up on the land, and it shall devour every herb of the land, and all the fruit of the trees, which the hail left.

12  Then the Lord said to Moses: “Extend your hand over the land of Egypt, toward the locusts, so that they may rise up over it, and devour every plant which remains from the hail.”

10:13  And Moses stretched forth his rod over the land of Egypt, and YHWH brought an east wind upon the land all that day, and all the night; and when it was morning, the east wind brought the locusts.

13  And Moses extended his staff over the land of Egypt. And the Lord brought a burning wind all that day and night. And when morning came, the burning wind lifted up the locusts.

10:14  And the locusts went up over all the land of Egypt, and rested in all the borders of Egypt; very grievous were they; before them there were no such locusts as they, neither after them shall be such.

14  and brought them up over all the land of Egypt. And they rested in very great abundance over all the borders of Egypt. Before them there were not such locusts, neither after them shall there be.

14  And they ascended over the entire land of Egypt. And they settled into all the parts of the Egyptians: innumerable, such as had not been before that time, nor ever would be thereafter.

10:15  For they covered the face of the whole earth, so that the land was darkened; and they did eat every herb of the land, and all the fruit of the trees which the hail had left; and there remained not any green thing, either tree or herb of the field, through all the land of Egypt.

15  And they covered the entire face of the land, laying waste to all things. And the plants of the land were devoured, along with whatever fruits were on the trees, which the hail had left behind. And nothing at all of the greenery remained on the trees or on the plants of the earth in all of Egypt.

10:16  Then Pharaoh called for Moses and Aaron in haste; and he said: 'I have sinned against YHWH your God, and against you.

16  And Pharao hasted to call Moses and Aaron, saying, I have sinned before the Lord your God, and against you;

16  For this reason, Pharaoh hurriedly called Moses and Aaron, and he said to them: “I have sinned against the Lord your God, and against you.

10:17  Now therefore forgive, I pray thee, my sin only this once, and entreat YHWH your God, that He may take away from me this death only.'

17  pardon therefore my sin yet this time, and pray to the Lord your God, and let him take away from me this death.

10:18  And he went out from Pharaoh, and entreated YHWH.

18  And Moses went forth from Pharao, and prayed to God.

10:19  And YHWH turned an exceeding strong west wind, which took up the locusts, and drove them into the Red Sea; there remained not one locust in all the border of Egypt.

19  And the Lord brought in the opposite direction a strong wind from the sea, and took up the locusts and cast them into the Red Sea, and there was not one locust left in all the land of Egypt.

10:20  But YHWH hardened Pharaoh's heart, and he did not let the children of Israel go.

20  And the Lord hardened the heart of Pharao, and he did not send away the children of Israel.

20  But the LORD hardened Pharaoh's heart so that he would not let the children of Israel go.

10:21  And YHWH said unto Moses: 'Stretch out thy hand toward heaven, that there may be darkness over the land of Egypt, even darkness which may be felt.'

21  Then the Lord said to Moses: “Extend your hand into the sky. And let there be a darkness over the land of Egypt, so dense that they may be able to feel it.”

10:22  And Moses stretched forth his hand toward heaven; and there was a thick darkness in all the land of Egypt three days;

22  And Moses extended his hand into the sky. And there came a horrible darkness in the entire land of Egypt for three days.

10:23  they saw not one another, neither rose any from his place for three days; but all the children of Israel had light in their dwellings.

23  And for three days no man saw his brother, and no man rose up from his bed for three days: but all the children of Israel had light in all the places where they were.

23  No one saw his brother, nor moved himself out of the place where he was. But wherever the sons of Israel were living, there was light.

10:24  And Pharaoh called unto Moses, and said: 'Go ye, serve YHWH; only let your flocks and your herds be stayed; let your little ones also go with you.'

24  And Pharao called Moses and Aaron, saying, Go, serve the Lord your God, only leave your sheep and your oxen, and let your store depart with you.

24  And Pharaoh called Moses and Aaron, and he said to them: “Go, sacrifice to the Lord. Only let your sheep and herds remain behind. Your little ones may go with you.”

10:25  And Moses said: 'Thou must also give into our hand sacrifices and burnt-offerings, that we may sacrifice unto YHWH our God.

25  Moses said: “You must also permit us victims and holocausts, which we may offer to the Lord our God.

25  Then Moses said to Pharaoh. You must give us also sacrifices and burnt offerings that we may sacrifice to the LORD our God.

10:26  Our cattle also shall go with us; there shall not a hoof be left behind; for thereof must we take to serve YHWH our God; and we know not with what we must serve the YHWH, until we come thither.'

26  And our cattle shall go with us, and we will not leave a hoof behind, for of them we will take to serve the Lord our God: but we know not in what manner we shall serve the Lord our God, until we arrive there.

26  All the flocks shall travel with us. Not one hoof of them shall remain behind. For they are necessary for the worship of the Lord our God, especially since we do not know what ought to be immolated, until we arrive at the very place.”

10:27  But YHWH hardened Pharaoh's heart, and he would not let them go.

27  But the Lord hardened the heart of Pharao, and he would not let them go.

10:28  And Pharaoh said unto him: 'Get thee from me, take heed to thyself, see my face no more; for in the day thou seest my face thou shalt die.'

28  And Pharao says, Depart from me, beware of seeing my face again, for in what day thou shalt appear before me, thou shalt die.

10:29  And Moses said: 'Thou hast spoken well; I will see thy face again no more.'

29  And Moses says, Thou hast said, I will not appear in thy presence again.

29  Moses responded: “So be it, just as you have said. I will no longer see your face.”

11:1  And YHWH said unto Moses: 'Yet one plague more will I bring upon Pharaoh, and upon Egypt; afterwards he will let you go hence; when he shall let you go, he shall surely thrust you out hence altogether.

1  And the Lord said to Moses, I will yet bring one plague upon Pharao and upon Egypt, and after that he will send you forth thence; and whenever he sends you forth with every thing, he will indeed drive you out.

1  And the Lord said to Moses: “I will touch Pharaoh and Egypt with one more plague, and after these things he will release you, and he will compel you to go out.

11:2  Speak now in the ears of the people, and let them ask every man of his neighbour, and every woman of her neighbour, jewels of silver, and jewels of gold.'

2  Speak therefore secretly in the ears of the people, and let every one ask of his neighbour jewels of silver and gold, and raiment.

2  Therefore, you will tell all the people to ask, a man of his friend, and a woman of her neighbor, for vessels of silver and of gold.

11:3  And YHWH gave the people favour in the sight of the Egyptians. Moreover the man Moses was very great in the land of Egypt, in the sight of Pharaoh's servants, and in the sight of the people.

3  And the LORD gave the people favour for their requests in the sight of the Egyptians. And in the middle of the night I will go in midst of the land of Egypt and I will kill all firstborn in the land of Egypt. From firstborn of Pharaoh who is sitting on the throne of him, and unto the firstborn of the slave-woman that is behind the millstones, and unto the firstborn of all beasts. And great cry will become in Egypt such that was not and such that will not be. And to all sons of Israel not even the dog will stir its tongue, from man and until the beast, so that you are knowing that differentiates the LORD between Egypt and between Israel. And moreover the man Moses was very great in the land of Egypt, in the sight of Pharaoh's servants, and in the sight of the people. And he is saying Moses to the Pharaoh: Thus speaks the LORD: mine are the firstborn sons of Israel. And he says let my sons go and they shall serve me. And if you are refusing to let them go, behold, the LORD will kill all your firstborn sons.

11:4  And Moses said: 'Thus saith YHWH: About midnight will I go out into the midst of Egypt;

4  And he said: “Thus says the Lord: ‘In the middle of the night I will enter into Egypt.

11:5  and all the first-born in the land of Egypt shall die, from the first-born of Pharaoh that sitteth upon his throne, even unto the first-born of the maid-servant that is behind the mill; and all the first-born of cattle.

5  And every firstborn in the land of the Egyptians shall die, from the firstborn of Pharaoh, who sits on his throne, even to the firstborn of the handmaid, who is at the millstone, and all the firstborn of the beasts of burden.

11:6  And there shall be a great cry throughout all the land of Egypt, such as there hath been none like it, nor shall be like it any more.

6  And there will be a great outcry throughout the entire land of Egypt, such as has not been before, nor ever will be afterward.

11:7  But against any of the children of Israel shall not a dog whet his tongue, against man or beast; that ye may know how that YHWH doth put a difference between the Egyptians and Israel.

7  But among all the sons of Israel there shall not be even a mutter from a dog, from man, even to cattle, so that you may know how miraculously the Lord divides the Egyptians from Israel.’

7  But of the children of Israel no one shall be harmed, not even a dog shall bark against man or animals; that you may know that the LORD distinguishes between the Egyptians and Israel.

11:8  And all these thy servants shall come down unto me, and bow down unto me, saying: Get thee out, and all the people that follow thee; and after that I will go out.' And he went out from Pharaoh in hot anger.

8  And all these, your servants, shall descend to me and shall reverence me, by saying: ‘Depart, you and all the people who are subject to you.’ After these things, we will depart.”

11:9  And YHWH said unto Moses: 'Pharaoh will not hearken unto you; that My wonders may be multiplied in the land of Egypt.'

9  And Moses went forth from Pharao with wrath. And the Lord said to Moses, Pharao will not hearken to you, that I may greatly multiply my signs and wonders in the land of Egypt.

11:10  And Moses and Aaron did all these wonders before Pharaoh; and YHWH hardened Pharaoh's heart, and he did not let the children of Israel go out of his land.

10  And Moses and Aaron wrought all these signs and wonders in the land of Egypt before Pharao; and the Lord hardened the heart of Pharao, and he did not hearken to send forth the children of Israel out of the land of Egypt.

10  Now Moses and Aaron did all the wonders that are written, in the sight of Pharaoh. And the Lord hardened the heart of Pharaoh; neither did he release the sons of Israel from his land.

12:1  And YHWH spoke unto Moses and Aaron in the land of Egypt, saying

1  The Lord also said to Moses and Aaron in the land of Egypt

12:2  'This month shall be unto you the beginning of months; it shall be the first month of the year to you.

2  “This month will be for you the beginning of the months. It will be first in the months of the year.

12:3  Speak ye unto all the congregation of Israel, saying: In the tenth day of this month they shall take to them every man a lamb, according to their fathers' houses, a lamb for a household;

3  Speak to all the congregation of the children of Israel, saying, On the tenth of this month let them take each man a lamb according to the houses of their families, every man a lamb for his household.

3  Speak to the entire assembly of the sons of Israel, and say to them: On the tenth day of this month, let everyone take a lamb, by their families and houses.

12:4  and if the household be too little for a lamb, then shall he and his neighbour next unto his house take one according to the number of the souls; according to every man's eating ye shall make your count for the lamb.

4  And if they be few in a household, so that there are not enough for the lamb, he shall take with himself his neighbour that lives near to him, —as to the number of souls, every one according to that which suffices him shall make a reckoning for the lamb.

4  But if the number is less than may suffice to be able to consume the lamb, he shall accept his neighbor, who has been joined with his house according to the number of souls that may suffice to be able to eat the lamb.

12:5  Your lamb shall be without blemish, a male of the first year; ye shall take it from the sheep, or from the goats;

5  It shall be to you a lamb unblemished, a male of a year old: ye shall take it of the lambs and the kids.

5  And it shall be a lamb without blemish, a one year old male. According to this rite, you shall also take a young goat.

12:6  and ye shall keep it unto the fourteenth day of the same month; and the whole assembly of the congregation of Israel shall kill it at dusk.

6  And it shall be kept by you till the fourteenth of this month, and all the multitude of the congregation of the children of Israel shall kill it toward evening.

12:7  And they shall take of the blood, and put it on the two side-posts and on the lintel, upon the houses wherein they shall eat it.

12:8  And they shall eat the flesh in that night, roast with fire, and unleavened bread; with bitter herbs they shall eat it.

8  And that night they shall eat the flesh, roasted by fire, and unleavened bread with wild lettuce.

12:9  Eat not of it raw, nor sodden at all with water, but roast with fire; its head with its legs and with the inwards thereof.

9  Ye shall not eat of it raw nor sodden in water, but only roast with fire, the head with the feet and the appurtenances.

9  You shall not consume anything from it raw, nor boiled in water, but only roasted by fire. You shall devour the head with its feet and entrails.

12:10  And ye shall let nothing of it remain until the morning; but that which remaineth of it until the morning ye shall burn with fire.

10  Nothing shall be left of it till the morning, and a bone of it ye shall not break; but that which is left of it till the morning ye shall burn with fire.

10  Neither shall there remain anything from it until morning. If anything will have been left over, you shall burn it with fire.

12:11  And thus shall ye eat it: with your loins girded, your shoes on your feet, and your staff in your hand; and ye shall eat it in haste--it is YHWH'S passover.

11  Now you shall consume it in this way: You shall gird your waist, and you shall have shoes on your feet, holding staves in your hands, and you shall consume it in haste. For it is the Passover (that is, the Crossing) of the Lord.

12:12  For I will go through the land of Egypt in that night, and will smite all the first-born in the land of Egypt, both man and beast; and against all the gods of Egypt I will execute judgments: I am YHWH.

12  And I will cross through the land of Egypt that night, and I will strike down all the firstborn in the land of Egypt, from man, even to cattle. And I will bring judgments against all the gods of Egypt. I am the Lord.

12:13  And the blood shall be to you for a token upon the houses where ye are; and when I see the blood, I will pass over you, and there shall no plague be upon you to destroy you, when I smite the land of Egypt.

13  But the blood will be for you as a sign in the buildings where you will be. And I will see the blood, and I will pass over you. And the plague will not be with you to destroy, when I strike the land of Egypt.

12:14  And this day shall be unto you for a memorial, and ye shall keep it a feast to YHWH; throughout your generations ye shall keep it a feast by an ordinance for ever.

14  Then you shall have this day as a memorial, and you shall celebrate it as a solemnity to the Lord, in your generations, as an everlasting devotion.

12:15  Seven days shall ye eat unleavened bread; howbeit the first day ye shall put away leaven out of your houses; for whosoever eateth leavened bread from the first day until the seventh day, that soul shall be cut off from Israel.

15  For seven days, you shall eat unleavened bread. On the first day there shall be no leaven in your houses. Whoever will consume anything leavened, from the first day, even until the seventh day, that soul shall perish from Israel.

15  Seven days you shall eat unleavened bread; and from the first day you shall put away leaven out of your houses; for whosoever eats leavened bread from your houses from the first day until the seventh day, that person shall perish from Israel.

12:16  And in the first day there shall be to you a holy convocation, and in the seventh day a holy convocation; no manner of work shall be done in them, save that which every man must eat, that only may be done by you.

16  The first day shall be holy and solemn, and the seventh day shall be venerated with the same festivity. You shall do no work in these days, except that which pertains to the eating.

12:17  And ye shall observe the feast of unleavened bread; for in this selfsame day have I brought your hosts out of the land of Egypt; therefore shall ye observe this day throughout your generations by an ordinance for ever.

17  And ye shall keep this commandment, for on this day will I bring out your force out of the land of Egypt; and ye shall make this day a perpetual ordinance for you throughout your generations.

17  And you shall observe the feast of unleavened bread. For on this same day, I will lead your army out of the land of Egypt, and you shall keep this day, in your generations, as a perpetual ritual.

12:18  In the first month, on the fourteenth day of the month at even, ye shall eat unleavened bread, until the one and twentieth day of the month at even.

18  Beginning the fourteenth day of the first month, ye shall eat unleavened bread from evening, till the twenty-first day of the month, till evening.

12:19  Seven days shall there be no leaven found in your houses; for whosoever eateth that which is leavened, that soul shall be cut off from the congregation of Israel, whether he be a sojourner, or one that is born in the land.

19  Seven days leaven shall not be found in your houses; whosoever shall eat anything leavened, that soul shall be cut off from the congregation of Israel, both among the occupiers of the land and the original inhabitants.

19  For seven days, there shall not be found leaven in your houses. Whoever will eat leaven, his soul will perish from the assembly of Israel, as much with the newcomers as with the natives of the land.

12:20  Ye shall eat nothing leavened; in all your habitations shall ye eat unleavened bread.'

20  You shall not consume any leaven. In all your dwelling places, you shall eat unleavened bread.”

12:21  Then Moses called for all the elders of Israel, and said unto them: 'Draw out, and take you lambs according to your families, and kill the passover lamb.

21  And Moses called all the elders of the children of Israel, and said to them, Go away and take to yourselves a lamb according to your kindreds, and slay the passover.

12:22  And ye shall take a bunch of hyssop, and dip it in the blood that is in the basin, and strike the lintel and the two side-posts with the blood that is in the basin; and none of you shall go out of the door of his house until the morning.

22  And dip a little bundle of hyssop in the blood which is at the entrance, and sprinkle the upper threshold with it, and both of the door posts. Let none of you go out of the door of his house until morning.

12:23  For YHWH will pass through to smite the Egyptians; and when He seeth the blood upon the lintel, and on the two side-posts, the YHWH will pass over the door, and will not suffer the destroyer to come in unto your houses to smite you.

23  And the Lord shall pass by to smite the Egyptians, and shall see the blood upon the lintel, and upon both the door-posts; and the Lord shall pass by the door, and shall not suffer the destroyer to enter into your houses to smite you.

23  For the Lord will cross through, striking the Egyptians. And when he will see the blood on the upper threshold, and on both the door posts, he will pass over the door of the house and not permit the Striker to enter into your houses or to do harm.

12:24  And ye shall observe this thing for an ordinance to thee and to thy sons for ever.

24  And keep ye this thing as an ordinance for thyself and for thy children for ever.

24  You shall keep this word as a law for you and for your sons, forever.

12:25  And it shall come to pass, when ye be come to the land which YHWH will give you, according as He hath promised, that ye shall keep this service.

25  And if ye should enter into the land, which the Lord shall give you, as he has spoken, keep this service.

25  And when you have entered into the land that the Lord will give to you, just as he has promised, you shall observe these ceremonies.

12:26  And it shall come to pass, when your children shall say unto you: What mean ye by this service?

26  And when your sons will say to you, ‘What is the meaning of this religious observance?’

12:27  that ye shall say: It is the sacrifice of YHWH'S passover, for that He passed over the houses of the children of Israel in Egypt, when He smote the Egyptians, and delivered our houses.' And the people bowed the head and worshipped.

27  You shall say to them: ‘It is the victim of the crossing of the Lord, when he passed over the houses of the sons of Israel in Egypt, striking the Egyptians, and freeing our houses.’ ” And the people, bowing down, worshipped.

12:28  And the children of Israel went and did so; as YHWH had commanded Moses and Aaron, so did they.

28  And the people bowed and worshipped. And the children of Israel departed and did as the Lord commanded Moses and Aaron, so did they.

28  And the sons of Israel, departing, did just as the Lord had instructed Moses and Aaron.

12:29  And it came to pass at midnight, that YHWH smote all the firstborn in the land of Egypt, from the first-born of Pharaoh that sat on his throne unto the first-born of the captive that was in the dungeon; and all the first-born of cattle.

29  Then it happened, in the middle of the night: the Lord struck down every firstborn in the land of Egypt, from the firstborn of Pharaoh, who sits on his throne, even to the firstborn of the captive woman who was in prison, and all the firstborn of the cattle.

12:30  And Pharaoh rose up in the night, he, and all his servants, and all the Egyptians; and there was a great cry in Egypt; for there was not a house where there was not one dead.

12:31  And he called for Moses and Aaron by night and said: 'Rise up, get you forth from among my people, both ye and the children of Israel; and go, serve YHWH, as ye have said.

31  And Pharaoh, calling Moses and Aaron in the night, said: “Rise up and go forth from among my people, you and the sons of Israel. Go, sacrifice to the Lord, just as you say.

31  And Pharaoh called Moses and Aaron that night, and said to them, Rise up and get out from among my people, both you and the children of Israel; and go, serve the LORD, as you have said.

12:32  Take both your flocks and your herds, as ye have said, and be gone; and bless me also.'

32  And take with you your sheep, and your oxen: bless me also, I pray you.

32  Your sheep and herds take along with you, as you requested, and as you go away, bless me.”

12:33  And the Egyptians were urgent upon the people, to send them out of the land in haste; for they said: 'We are all dead men.'

33  And the Egyptians constrained the people, so that they cast them out of the land with haste, for they said, We all shall die.

33  And the Egyptians urged the people to go away from the land quickly, saying, “We will all die.”

12:34  And the people took their dough before it was leavened, their kneading-troughs being bound up in their clothes upon their shoulders.

34  Therefore, the people took bread dough before it was leavened. And tying it in their cloaks, they placed it on their shoulders.

12:35  And the children of Israel did according to the word of Moses; and they asked of the Egyptians jewels of silver, and jewels of gold, and raiment.

35  And the sons of Israel did just as Moses had instructed. And they petitioned the Egyptians for vessels of silver and of gold, and very many garments.

12:36  And YHWH gave the people favour in the sight of the Egyptians, so that they let them have what they asked. And they despoiled the Egyptians.

36  And the Lord gave his people favour in the sight of the Egyptians, and they lent to them; and they spoiled the Egyptians.

36  Then the Lord granted favor to the people in the sight of the Egyptians, so that they bestowed on them. And they despoiled the Egyptians.

12:37  And the children of Israel journeyed from Rameses to Succoth, about six hundred thousand men on foot, beside children.

12:38  And a mixed multitude went up also with them; and flocks, and herds, even very much cattle.

38  And a great mixed company went up with them, and sheep and oxen and very much cattle.

38  But also an innumerable mix of common people ascended with them, sheep and herds and animals of diverse kinds, exceedingly many.

12:39  And they baked unleavened cakes of the dough which they brought forth out of Egypt, for it was not leavened; because they were thrust out of Egypt, and could not tarry, neither had they prepared for themselves any victual.

39  And they baked the bread, which a little while ago they had taken out of Egypt as dough. And they made unleavened bread baked under ashes. For it was not able to be leavened, with the Egyptians compelling them to leave and not permitting them to cause any delay. Neither did they have occasion to prepare any meat.

39  And they baked on a griddle unleavened bread of the dough which they had brought forth out of the land of Egypt, for it was not leavened: because the Egyptians drove them out. and they could not make it into flat loaves, neither had they prepared for themselves any provisions for the journey.

12:40  Now the time that the children of Israel dwelt in Egypt was four hundred and thirty years.

40  And the sojourning of the children of Israel, while they sojourned in the land of Egypt and the land of Chanaan, was four hundred and thirty years.

40  Now the habitation of the sons of Israel, while they remained in Egypt, was four hundred and thirty years.

12:41  And it came to pass at the end of four hundred and thirty years, even the selfsame day it came to pass, that all the host of YHWH went out from the land of Egypt.

41  Having been completed, on the same day all the army of the Lord departed from the land of Egypt.

12:42  It was a night of watching unto YHWH for bringing them out from the land of Egypt; this same night is a night of watching unto the YHWH for all the children of Israel throughout their generations.

42  It is a watch kept to the Lord, so that he should bring them out of the land of Egypt; that very night is a watch kept to the Lord, so that it should be to all the children of Israel to their generations.

42  This night is a worthy observance of the Lord, when he led them out of the land of Egypt. This all the sons of Israel must observe in their generations.

12:43  And YHWH said unto Moses and Aaron: 'This is the ordinance of the passover: there shall no alien eat thereof;

43  And the Lord said to Moses and Aaron, This is the law of the passover: no stranger shall eat of it.

43  Then the LORD said to Moses and Aaron, This is the ordinance of the passover; no foreigner shall eat of it;

12:44  but every man's servant that is bought for money, when thou hast circumcised him, then shall he eat thereof.

44  And every slave or servant bought with money—him thou shalt circumcise, and then shall he eat of it.

44  But every bought servant shall be circumcised, and so he may eat from it.

12:45  A sojourner and a hired servant shall not eat thereof.

45  The newcomer and the hired hand shall not eat from it.

45  A foreigner and an hired servant shall not eat thereof.

12:46  In one house shall it be eaten; thou shalt not carry forth aught of the flesh abroad out of the house; neither shall ye break a bone thereof.

46  In one house it shall be eaten; you shall not carry its flesh outside, nor shall you break its bone.

12:47  All the congregation of Israel shall keep it.

47  The entire assembly of the sons of Israel shall do this.

12:48  And when a stranger shall sojourn with thee, and will keep the passover to YHWH, let all his males be circumcised, and then let him come near and keep it; and he shall be as one that is born in the land; but no uncircumcised person shall eat thereof.

48  And if any proselyte shall come to you to keep the passover to the Lord, thou shalt circumcise every male of him, and then shall he approach to sacrifice it, and he shall be even as the original inhabitant of the land; no uncircumcised person shall eat of it.

48  And if any sojourner will be willing to cross over into your settlement, and to keep the Passover of the Lord, all his males shall first be circumcised, and then he shall celebrate the rite. And he shall be just like a native of the land. But if any man is not circumcised, he shall not eat from it.

12:49  One law shall be to him that is homeborn, and unto the stranger that sojourneth among you.'

49  There shall be one law to the native, and to the proselyte coming among you.

49  The law shall be the same for the native born and for the settler who sojourns with you.”

12:50  Thus did all the children of Israel; as YHWH commanded Moses and Aaron, so did they.

50  And the children of Israel did as the Lord commanded Moses and Aaron for them, so they did.

50  And all the sons of Israel did just as the Lord had instructed Moses and Aaron.

12:51  And it came to pass the selfsame day that YHWH did bring the children of Israel out of the land of Egypt by their hosts.

51  And on the same day, the Lord led the sons of Israel out of the land of Egypt by their companies.

13:1  And YHWH spoke unto Moses, saying

1  And the Lord spoke to Moses, saying,

13:2  'Sanctify unto Me all the first-born, whatsoever openeth the womb among the children of Israel, both of man and of beast, it is Mine.'

2  Sanctify to me every first-born, first produced, opening every womb among the children of Israel both of man and beast: it is mine.

2  “Sanctify to me every firstborn which opens the womb among the sons of Israel, as much of men as of cattle. For they are all mine.”

13:3  And Moses said unto the people: 'Remember this day, in which ye came out from Egypt, out of the house of bondage; for by strength of hand YHWH brought you out from this place; there shall no leavened bread be eaten.

3  And Moses said to the people: “Remember this day, on which you were taken away from Egypt and from the house of servitude. For with a strong hand the Lord has led you away from this place. Thus, you shall eat no leavened bread.

13:4  This day ye go forth in the month Abib.

4  For on this day ye go forth in the month of new corn.

4  And this day came ye out in the month Abib.

13:5  And it shall be when YHWH shall bring thee into the land of the Canaanite, and the Hittite, and the Amorite, and the Hivite, and the Jebusite, which He swore unto thy fathers to give thee, a land flowing with milk and honey, that thou shalt keep this service in this month.

5  And it shall come to pass when the Lord thy God shall have brought thee into the land of the Chananites, and the Chettites, and Amorites, and Evites, and Jebusites, and Gergesites, and Pherezites, which he sware to thy fathers to give thee, a land flowing with milk and honey, that thou shalt perform this service in this month.

5  And when the Lord has brought you into the land of the Canaanite, and the Hittite, and the Amorite, and the Hivite, and the Jebusite, which he swore to your fathers that he would give to you, a land flowing with milk and honey, you will celebrate this manner of sacred rites in this month.

13:6  Seven days thou shalt eat unleavened bread, and in the seventh day shall be a feast to YHWH.

6  Six days ye shall eat unleavened bread, and on the seventh day is a feast to the Lord.

6  For seven days, you shall feed on unleavened bread. And on the seventh day, it will be the solemnity of the Lord.

13:7  Unleavened bread shall be eaten throughout the seven days; and there shall no leavened bread be seen with thee, neither shall there be leaven seen with thee, in all thy borders.

7  You shall consume unleavened bread for seven days. There shall not be seen anything leavened with you, nor in all your parts.

13:8  And thou shalt tell thy son in that day, saying: It is because of that which YHWH did for me when I came forth out of Egypt.

8  And you will explain to your son in that day, saying: ‘This is what the Lord did for me when I was taken away from Egypt.’

8  And you shall tell your son on that day, This is done because of what my God did for me when I came forth out of Egypt.

13:9  And it shall be for a sign unto thee upon thy hand, and for a memorial between thine eyes, that the law of YHWH may be in thy mouth; for with a strong hand hath the YHWH brought thee out of Egypt.

9  And it will be like a sign in your hand and like a memorial before your eyes. And so may the law of the Lord be always in your mouth. For with a strong hand, the Lord led you away from the land of Egypt.

13:10  Thou shalt therefore keep this ordinance in its season from year to year.

10  You will keep this observance, at the established time, from day to day.

13:11  And it shall be when YHWH shall bring thee into the land of the Canaanite, as He swore unto thee and to thy fathers, and shall give it thee,

11  And when the Lord has brought you into the land of the Canaanite, just as he swore to you and to your fathers, and when he will give it you,

13:12  that thou shalt set apart unto YHWH all that openeth the womb; every firstling that is a male, which thou hast coming of a beast, shall be the YHWH'S.

12  then you shall set aside for the Lord all that opens the womb and all that is first to go forth among your cattle. Whatever you will have of the male sex, you shall consecrate to the Lord.

13:13  And every firstling of an ass thou shalt redeem with a lamb; and if thou wilt not redeem it, then thou shalt break its neck; and all the first-born of man among thy sons shalt thou redeem.

13  Every offspring opening the womb of the ass thou shalt change for a sheep; and if thou wilt not change it, thou shalt redeem it: every first-born of man of thy sons shalt thou redeem.

13  The firstborn of a donkey you will exchange for a sheep. And if you will not redeem it, you shall put it to death. But every firstborn of man among your sons, you shall redeem with a price.

13:14  And it shall be when thy son asketh thee in time to come, saying: What is this? that thou shalt say unto him: By strength of hand YHWH brought us out from Egypt, from the house of bondage;

14  And if thy son should ask thee hereafter, saying, What is this? then thou shalt say to him, With a strong hand the Lord brought us out of Egypt, out of the house of bondage.

14  And when your son will question you tomorrow, saying, ‘What is this?’ you will respond, ‘With a strong hand the Lord led us away from the land of Egypt, from the house of servitude.

13:15  and it came to pass, when Pharaoh would hardly let us go that YHWH slew all the firstborn in the land of Egypt, both the first-born of man, and the first-born of beast; therefore I sacrifice to the YHWH all that openeth the womb, being males; but all the first-born of my sons I redeem.

15  And when Pharao hardened his heart so as not to send us away, he slew every first-born in the land of Egypt, both the first-born of man and the first-born of beast; therefore do I sacrifice every offspring that opens the womb, the males to the Lord, and every first-born of my sons I will redeem.

15  For when Pharaoh had been hardened and was unwilling to release us, the Lord killed every firstborn in the land of Egypt, from the firstborn of man, even to the firstborn of beasts. For this reason, I immolate to the Lord all of the male sex that opens the womb, and all the firstborn of my sons I redeem.’

13:16  And it shall be for a sign upon thy hand, and for frontlets between thine eyes; for by strength of hand YHWH brought us forth out of Egypt.'

16  Therefore, it will be like a sign in your hand and like something hanging between your eyes as a remembrance, because with a strong hand the Lord has led us away from Egypt.”

16  And it shall be as a token on your hand and as a memorial between your eyes; for by a strong hand the LORD brought you out of Egypt.

13:17  And it came to pass, when Pharaoh had let the people go, that God led them not by the way of the land of the Philistines, although that was near; for God said: 'Lest peradventure the people repent when they see war, and they return to Egypt.'

17  And when Pharao sent forth the people, God led them not by the way of the land of the Phylistines, because it was near; for God said, Lest at any time the people repent when they see war, and return to Egypt.

17  And so, when Pharaoh had sent the people away, God did not lead them by the way of the land of the Philistines, which is nearby, considering that perhaps they might relapse, if they saw wars rise up against them, and then they might return to Egypt.

13:18  But God led the people about, by the way of the wilderness by the Red Sea; and the children of Israel went up armed out of the land of Egypt.

18  And God led the people round by the way to the wilderness, to the Red Sea: and in the fifth generation the children of Israel went up out of the land of Egypt.

18  But he led them around by the way of the desert, which is next to the Red Sea. And so the sons of Israel ascended, armed, out of the land of Egypt.

13:19  And Moses took the bones of Joseph with him; for he had straitly sworn the children of Israel, saying: 'God will surely remember you; and ye shall carry up my bones away hence with you.'

19  Also, Moses took the bones of Joseph with him, because he had sworn to the sons of Israel, saying: “God will visit you. Carry my bones away from here with you.”

13:20  And they took their journey from Succoth, and encamped in Etham, in the edge of the wilderness.

20  And the children of Israel departed from Socchoth, and encamped in Othom by the wilderness.

20  And setting out from Soccoth, they encamped at Etham, in the most distant parts of the wilderness.

13:21  And YHWH went before them by day in a pillar of cloud, to lead them the way; and by night in a pillar of fire, to give them light; that they might go by day and by night

21  And God led them, in the day by a pillar of cloud, to show them the way, and in the night by a pillar of fire.

21  Now the Lord preceded them to show them the way, by day with a pillar of cloud, and by night with a pillar of fire, so that he might be the leader of their journey at both times.

13:22  the pillar of cloud by day, and the pillar of fire by night, departed not from before the people.

22  These never failed: a pillar of cloud by day, and a pillar of fire by night, in the sight of the people.

14:1  And YHWH spoke unto Moses, saying

1  And the Lord spoke to Moses, saying,

14:2  'Speak unto the children of Israel, that they turn back and encamp before Pi-hahiroth, between Migdol and the sea, before Baal- zephon, over against it shall ye encamp by the sea.

2  “Speak to the sons of Israel. Let them turn back and encamp away from the region of Pihahiroth, which is between Migdol and the sea, opposite Baal-zephon. In its sight you shall place your camp, above the sea.

2  Speak to the children of Israel that they turn back and encamp by the inlet of Kheritha, between Migdol and the sea, in front of Baal-zephon; opposite it shall you encamp by the sea.

14:3  And Pharaoh will say of the children of Israel: They are entangled in the land, the wilderness hath shut them in.

3  And Pharao will say to his people, As for these children of Israel, they are wandering in the land, for the wilderness has shut them in.

14:4  And I will harden Pharaoh's heart, and he shall follow after them; and I will get Me honour upon Pharaoh, and upon all his host; and the Egyptians shall know that I am YHWH.' And they did so.

4  And I will harden his heart, and so he will pursue you. And I will be glorified in Pharaoh, and in all his army. And the Egyptians will know that I am the Lord.” And they did so.

4  And the LORD said to Moses, I will harden Pharaoh's heart, and he will pursue them; and I will triumph over Pharaoh, and over all his army; and the Egyptians shall know that I am the LORD. And they did so.

14:5  And it was told the king of Egypt that the people were fled; and the heart of Pharaoh and of his servants was turned towards the people, and they said: 'What is this we have done, that we have let Israel go from serving us?

5  And it was reported to the king of the Egyptians that the people had fled: and the heart of Pharao was turned, and that of his servants against the people; and they said, What is this that we have done, to let the children of Israel go, so that they should not serve us?

14:6  And he made ready his chariots, and took his people with him.

6  So Pharao yoked his chariots, and led off all his people with himself

6  Therefore, he harnessed his chariot, and he took all his people with him.

14:7  And he took six hundred chosen chariots, and all the chariots of Egypt, and captains over all of them.

7  having also taken six hundred chosen chariots, and all the cavalry of the Egyptians, and rulers over all.

14:8  And YHWH hardened the heart of Pharaoh king of Egypt, and he pursued after the children of Israel; for the children of Israel went out with a high hand.

8  And the Lord hardened the heart of Pharao king of Egypt, and of his servants, and he pursued after the children of Israel; and the children of Israel went forth with a high hand.

14:9  And the Egyptians pursued after them, all the horses and chariots of Pharaoh, and his horsemen, and his army, and overtook them encamping by the sea, beside Pi-hahiroth, in front of Baal-zephon.

9  And when the Egyptians followed the footsteps of those who preceded them, they found them in a camp above the sea. All the horses and chariots of Pharaoh, and the entire army, were in Pihahiroth, opposite Baal-zephon.

14:10  And when Pharaoh drew nigh, the children of Israel lifted up their eyes, and, behold, the Egyptians were marching after them; and they were sore afraid; and the children of Israel cried out unto YHWH.

10  And Pharao approached, and the children of Israel having looked up, beheld, and the Egyptians encamped behind them: and they were very greatly terrified, and the children of Israel cried to the Lord;

10  And when Pharaoh had drawn near, the sons of Israel, lifting up their eyes, saw the Egyptians behind them. And they were very afraid. And they cried out to the Lord.

14:11  And they said unto Moses: 'Because there were no graves in Egypt, hast thou taken us away to die in the wilderness? wherefore hast thou dealt thus with us, to bring us forth out of Egypt?

11  and said to Moses, Because there were no graves in the land of Egypt, hast thou brought us forth to slay us in the wilderness? What is this that thou hast done to us, having brought us out of Egypt?

11  And they said to Moses: “Perhaps there were no graves in Egypt, for which reason you took us to die in the wilderness. What is it that you intended to do, in leading us out of Egypt?

14:12  Is not this the word that we spoke unto thee in Egypt, saying: Let us alone, that we may serve the Egyptians? For it were better for us to serve the Egyptians, than that we should die in the wilderness.'

14:13  And Moses said unto the people: 'Fear ye not, stand still, and see the salvation of YHWH, which He will work for you to- day; for whereas ye have seen the Egyptians to-day, ye shall see them again no more for ever.

13  And Moses said to the people: “Do not be afraid. Stand firm and see the great wonders of the Lord, which he will do today. For the Egyptians, whom you now see, will never again be seen, forever.

14:14  YHWH will fight for you, and ye shall hold your peace.'

14  The Lord shall fight for you, and ye shall hold your peace.

14  The Lord will fight on your behalf, and you will remain silent.”

14:15  And YHWH said unto Moses: 'Wherefore criest thou unto Me? speak unto the children of Israel, that they go forward.

15  and the Lord said to Moses, Why criest thou to me? speak to the children of Israel, and let them proceed.

14:16  And lift thou up thy rod, and stretch out thy hand over the sea, and divide it; and the children of Israel shall go into the midst of the sea on dry ground.

16  Now, lift up your staff, and extend your hand over the sea and divide it, so that the sons of Israel may walk through the midst of the sea on dry ground.

16  And as for you, lift up your staff and stretch out your hand over the sea and divide it; and the children of Israel shall go on dry ground through the sea.

14:17  And I, behold, I will harden the hearts of the Egyptians, and they shall go in after them; and I will get Me honour upon Pharaoh, and upon all his host, upon his chariots, and upon his horsemen.

14:18  And the Egyptians shall know that I am YHWH, when I have gotten Me honour upon Pharaoh, upon his chariots, and upon his horsemen.'

18  And all the Egyptians shall know that I am the Lord, when I am glorified upon Pharao and upon his chariots and his horses.

18  And the Egyptians will know that I am the Lord, when I will be glorified in Pharaoh, and in his chariots, as well as in his horsemen.”

14:19  And the angel of God, who went before the camp of Israel, removed and went behind them; and the pillar of cloud removed from before them, and stood behind them;

19  And the Angel of God, who preceded the camp of Israel, lifting himself up, went behind them. And the pillar of cloud, together with him, left the front for the rear

14:20  and it came between the camp of Egypt and the camp of Israel; and there was the cloud and the darkness here, yet gave it light by night there; and the one came not near the other all the night.

20  and stood between the camp of the Egyptians and the camp of Israel. And it was a dark cloud, yet it illuminated the night, so that they could not succeed at approaching one another at any time all that night.

14:21  And Moses stretched out his hand over the sea; and YHWH caused the sea to go back by a strong east wind all the night, and made the sea dry land, and the waters were divided.

21  And when Moses had extended his hand over the sea, the Lord took it away by an intense burning wind, blowing throughout the night, and he turned it into dry ground. And the water was divided.

14:22  And the children of Israel went into the midst of the sea upon the dry ground; and the waters were a wall unto them on their right hand, and on their left.

22  And the sons of Israel went in through the midst of the dried sea. For the water was like a wall at their right hand and at their left hand.

14:23  And the Egyptians pursued, and went in after them into the midst of the sea, all Pharaoh's horses, his chariots, and his horsemen.

14:24  And it came to pass in the morning watch, that YHWH looked forth upon the host of the Egyptians through the pillar of fire and of cloud, and discomfited the host of the Egyptians.

24  And now the morning watch had arrived, and behold, the Lord, looking down upon the camp of the Egyptians through the pillar of fire and of cloud, put to death their army.

24  And it came to pass that in the morning watch the LORD appeared to the Egyptians army in a pillar of fire and of cloud, and threw the Egyptian army into confusion,

14:25  And He took off their chariot wheels, and made them to drive heavily; so that the Egyptians said: 'Let us flee from the face of Israel; for YHWH fighteth for them against the Egyptians.'

25  And he overturned the wheels of the chariots, and they were carried into the deep. Therefore, the Egyptians said: “Let us flee from Israel. For the Lord fights on their behalf against us.”

25  Thus clogging their chariot wheels that they drew heavily, so that the Egyptians said, Let us flee from before the house of Israel; for the LORD fights for them against Egypt.

14:26  And YHWH said unto Moses: 'Stretch out thy hand over the sea, that the waters may come back upon the Egyptians, upon their chariots, and upon their horsemen.'

26  And the Lord said to Moses, Stretch forth tine hand over the sea, and let the water be turned back to its place, and let it cover the Egyptians coming both upon the chariots and the riders.

26  And the Lord said to Moses: “Extend your hand over the sea, so that the waters may return on the Egyptians, over their chariots and horsemen.”

14:27  And Moses stretched forth his hand over the sea, and the sea returned to its strength when the morning appeared; and the Egyptians fled against it; and YHWH overthrew the Egyptians in the midst of the sea.

27  And when Moses had extended his hand opposite the sea, it was returned, at first light, to its former place. And the fleeing Egyptians met with the waters, and the Lord immersed them in the midst of the waves.

14:28  And the waters returned, and covered the chariots, and the horsemen, even all the host of Pharaoh that went in after them into the sea; there remained not so much as one of them.

14:29  But the children of Israel walked upon dry land in the midst of the sea; and the waters were a wall unto them on their right hand, and on their left.

14:30  Thus YHWH saved Israel that day out of the hand of the Egyptians; and Israel saw the Egyptians dead upon the sea-shore.

30  So the Lord delivered Israel in that day from the hand of the Egyptians, and Israel saw the Egyptians dead by the shore of the sea.

30  And so the Lord freed Israel on that day from the hand of the Egyptians.

14:31  And Israel saw the great work which YHWH did upon the Egyptians, and the people feared the YHWH; and they believed in the LORD, and in His servant Moses.

31  And they saw the Egyptians dead on the shore of the sea and the great hand that the Lord had exercised against them. And the people feared the Lord, and they believed in the Lord and in Moses his servant.

15:1  Then sang Moses and the children of Israel this song unto YHWH, and spoke, saying: I will sing unto the YHWH, for He is highly exalted; the horse and his rider hath He thrown into the sea.

1  Then Moses and the sons of Israel sang this song to the Lord, and they said: “Let us sing to the Lord, for he has been gloriously magnified: the horse and the rider he has cast into the sea.

15:2  YHWH is my strength and song, and He is become my salvation; this is my God, and I will glorify Him; my father's God, and I will exalt Him.

2  He is mighty and glorious, The LORD JEHOVAH has become our Saviour; he is our God, and we will praise him; our father's God, and we will exalt him.

15:3  YHWH is a man of war, The YHWH is His name.

3  The Lord bringing wars to nought, the Lord is his name.

3  The Lord is like a fighting man. Almighty is his name.

15:4  Pharaoh's chariots and his host hath He cast into the sea, and his chosen captains are sunk in the Red Sea.

4  He has cast the chariots of Pharao and his host into the sea, the chosen mounted captains: they were swallowed up in the Red Sea.

4  The chariots of Pharaoh, and his army, he has cast into the sea; his elect leaders have been submerged in the Red Sea.

15:5  The deeps cover them--they went down into the depths like a stone.

5  He covered them with the sea: they sank to the depth like a stone.

5  The depths have covered them: they sank into the bottom as a stone.

15:6  Thy right hand, O YHWH, glorious in power, Thy right hand, O LORD, dasheth in pieces the enemy.

6  Your right hand, O Lord, has been magnified in strength. Your right hand, O Lord, has struck down the enemy.

15:7  And in the greatness of Thine excellency Thou overthrowest them that rise up against Thee; Thou sendest forth Thy wrath, it consumeth them as stubble.

7  And in the abundance of thy glory thou hast broken the adversaries to pieces: thou sentest forth thy wrath, it devoured them as stubble.

7  And in the multitude of your glory you have put down your adversaries. You sent out your wrath, which devoured them like stubble.

15:8  And with the blast of Thy nostrils the waters were piled up--the floods stood upright as a heap; the deeps were congealed in the heart of the sea.

8  And by the breath of thine anger the water parted asunder; the waters were congealed as a wall, the waves were congealed in the midst of the sea.

8  And by the breath of your fury, the waters were gathered together. The flowing waves stood still. The abyss was gathered into the midst of the sea.

15:9  The enemy said: 'I will pursue, I will overtake, I will divide the spoil; my lust shall be satisfied upon them; I will draw my sword, my hand shall destroy them.'

15:10  Thou didst blow with Thy wind, the sea covered them; they sank as lead in the mighty waters.

10  Your breath blew, and the sea covered them. They were submerged like lead into the mighty waters.

15:11  Who is like unto Thee, O YHWH, among the mighty? who is like unto Thee, glorious in holiness, fearful in praises, doing wonders?

11  Who is like to thee among the gods, O Lord? who is like to thee? glorified in holiness, marvellous in glories, doing wonders.

11  Who is like you in strength, O Lord? Who is like you: magnificent in sanctity, terrible and yet praiseworthy, accomplishing miracles?

15:12  Thou stretchedst out Thy right hand--the earth swallowed them.

12  You extended your hand, and the earth devoured them.

12  Thou didst lift up thy right hand, the earth swallowed them.

15:13  Thou in Thy love hast led the people that Thou hast redeemed; Thou hast guided them in Thy strength to Thy holy habitation.

13  Thou hast guided in thy righteousness this thy people whom thou hast redeemed, by thy strength thou hast called them into thy holy resting-place.

13  In your mercy, you have been a leader to the people whom you have redeemed. And in your strength, you have carried them to your holy dwelling place.

15:14  The peoples have heard, they tremble; pangs have taken hold on the inhabitants of Philistia.

14  The nations heard and were angry, pangs have seized on the dwellers among the Phylistines.

14  Peoples rose up and became angry. Sorrows took hold of the inhabitants of Philistia.

15:15  Then were the chiefs of Edom affrighted; the mighty men of Moab, trembling taketh hold upon them; all the inhabitants of Canaan are melted away.

15  Then the leaders of Edom were stirred up, and trembling took hold of the robust of Moab. All the inhabitants of Canaan were petrified.

15:16  Terror and dread falleth upon them; by the greatness of Thine arm they are as still as a stone; till Thy people pass over, O YHWH, till the people pass over that Thou hast gotten.

16  Let fear and dread fall upon them, by the magnitude of your arm. Let them become immobilized like stone, until your people cross through, O Lord, until this, your people whom you possess, cross through.

15:17  Thou bringest them in, and plantest them in the mountain of Thine inheritance, the place, O YHWH, which Thou hast made for Thee to dwell in, the sanctuary, O Lord, which Thy hands have established.

17  Bring them in and plant them in the mountain of their inheritance, in thy prepared habitation, which thou, O Lord, hast prepared; the sanctuary, O Lord, which thine hands have made ready.

17  You shall lead them in and plant them, on the mountain of your inheritance, in your most firm dwelling place, which you have formed, O Lord, your sanctuary, O Lord, which your hands have made firm.

15:18  YHWH shall reign for ever and ever.

18  The Lord reigns for ever and ever and ever.

18  The Lord will reign in eternity and beyond.

15:19  For the horses of Pharaoh went in with his chariots and with his horsemen into the sea, and YHWH brought back the waters of the sea upon them; but the children of Israel walked on dry land in the midst of the sea.

19  For the rider Pharaoh, with his chariots and horsemen, was brought into the sea. And the Lord brought back upon them the waters of the sea. But the sons of Israel walked across dry ground in its midst.”

15:20  And Miriam the prophetess, the sister of Aaron, took a timbrel in her hand; and all the women went out after her with timbrels and with dances.

20  Then Miriam the prophetess, the sister of Aaron, took a timbrel in her hand; and all the women went out after her with tambourines and with timbrels.

15:21  And Miriam sang unto them: Sing ye to YHWH, for He is highly exalted: the horse and his rider hath He thrown into the sea.

21  And Mariam led them, saying, Let us sing to the Lord, for he has been very greatly glorified: the horse and rider has he cast into the sea.

21  And she prophesied, saying: “Let us sing to the Lord, for he has been gloriously magnified. The horse and its rider, he has thrown into the sea.”

15:22  And Moses led Israel onward from the Red Sea, and they went out into the wilderness of Shur; and they went three days in the wilderness, and found no water.

22  So Moses brought up the children of Israel from the Red Sea, and brought them into the wilderness of Sur; and they went three days in the wilderness, and found no water to drink.

22  Then Moses took Israel from the Red Sea, and they went forth into the desert of Shur. And they wandered for three days through the wilderness, and they found no water.

15:23  And when they came to Marah, they could not drink of the waters of Marah, for they were bitter. Therefore the name of it was called Marah.

23  and they came to Merrha, and could not drink of Merrha, for it was bitter; therefore he named the name of that place, Bitterness.

23  And they arrived at Marah. They were unable to drink the waters of Marah because they were bitter. Therefore, he also established a name befitting the place, calling it ‘Marah,’ that is, bitterness.

15:24  And the people murmured against Moses, saying: 'What shall we drink?'

15:25  And he cried unto YHWH; and the YHWH showed him a tree, and he cast it into the waters, and the waters were made sweet. There He made for them a statute and an ordinance, and there He proved them;

25  And Moses cried to the Lord, and the Lord shewed him a tree, and he cast it into the water, and the water was sweetened: there he established to him ordinances and judgements, and there he proved him,

25  So he cried out to the Lord, who showed him a tree. And when he had cast it into the waters, they were turned into sweetness. In that place, he established instructions for him, and also judgments. And he tested him there,

15:26  and He said: 'If thou wilt diligently hearken to the voice of YHWH thy God, and wilt do that which is right in His eyes, and wilt give ear to His commandments, and keep all His statutes, I will put none of the diseases upon thee, which I have put upon the Egyptians; for I am the YHWH that healeth thee.'

26  and said, If thou wilt indeed hear the voice of the Lord thy God, and do things pleasing before him, and wilt hearken to his commands, and keep all his ordinances, no disease which I have brought upon the Egyptians will I bring upon thee, for I am the Lord thy God that heals thee.

26  saying: “If you will listen to the voice of the Lord your God, and do what is right in his sight, and obey his commands, and keep all his precepts, I will not bring upon you any of the distress that I imposed on Egypt. For I am the Lord, your healer.”

15:27  And they came to Elim, where were twelve springs of water, and three score and ten palm-trees; and they encamped there by the waters.

27  Then the sons of Israel arrived in Elim, where there were twelve fountains of water and seventy palm trees. And they camped next to the waters.

16:1  And they took their journey from Elim, and all the congregation of the children of Israel came unto the wilderness of Sin, which is between Elim and Sinai, on the fifteenth day of the second month after their departing out of the land of Egypt.

1  And they departed from Ælim, and all the congregation of the children of Israel came to the wilderness of Sin, which is between Ælim and Sina; and on the fifteenth day, in the second month after their departure from the land of Egypt,

1  And they set out from Elim. And the entire multitude of the sons of Israel arrived at the desert of Sin, which is between Elim and Sinai, on the fifteenth day of the second month, after they departed from the land of Egypt.

16:2  And the whole congregation of the children of Israel murmured against Moses and against Aaron in the wilderness;

2  all the congregation of the children of Israel murmured against Moses and Aaron.

16:3  and the children of Israel said unto them: 'Would that we had died by the hand of YHWH in the land of Egypt, when we sat by the flesh-pots, when we did eat bread to the full; for ye have brought us forth into this wilderness, to kill this whole assembly with hunger.'

3  And the sons of Israel said to them: “If only we had died by the hand of the Lord in the land of Egypt, when we sat around bowls of meat and ate bread until filled. Why have you led us away, into this desert, so that you might kill the entire multitude with famine?”

16:4  Then said YHWH unto Moses: 'Behold, I will cause to rain bread from heaven for you; and the people shall go out and gather a day's portion every day, that I may prove them, whether they will walk in My law, or not.

4  And the Lord said to Moses, Behold, I will rain bread upon you out of heaven: and the people shall go forth, and they shall gather their daily portion for the day, that I may try them whether they will walk in my law or not.

4  Then the Lord said to Moses: “Behold, I will rain down bread from heaven for you. Let the people go out and collect what is sufficient for each day, so that I may test them, as to whether or not they will walk in my law.

16:5  And it shall come to pass on the sixth day that they shall prepare that which they bring in, and it shall be twice as much as they gather daily.'

5  But on the sixth day, let them prepare what they use for carrying, and let there be double what they were accustomed to collect on a single day.”

16:6  And Moses and Aaron said unto all the children of Israel: 'At even, then ye shall know that YHWH hath brought you out from the land of Egypt;

16:7  and in the morning, then ye shall see the glory of YHWH; for that He hath heard your murmurings against the YHWH; and what are we, that ye murmur against us?'

7  And in the morning, you will see the glory of the Lord. For he has heard your murmuring against the Lord. But as for us, truly what are we, that you would whisper against us?”

16:8  And Moses said: 'This shall be, when YHWH shall give you in the evening flesh to eat, and in the morning bread to the full; for that the YHWH heareth your murmurings which ye murmur against Him; and what are we? your murmurings are not against us, but against the LORD.'

16:9  And Moses said unto Aaron: 'Say unto all the congregation of the children of Israel: Come near before YHWH; for He hath heard your murmurings.'

9  Moses also said to Aaron: “Say to the whole congregation of the sons of Israel, ‘Approach before the Lord. For he has heard your murmuring.’ ”

16:10  And it came to pass, as Aaron spoke unto the whole congregation of the children of Israel, that they looked toward the wilderness, and, behold, the glory of YHWH appeared in the cloud.

10  And when Aaron spoke to all the congregation of the children of Israel, and they turned toward the wilderness, then the glory of the Lord appeared in a cloud.

16:11  And YHWH spoke unto Moses, saying

11  And the Lord spoke to Moses, saying,

16:12  'I have heard the murmurings of the children of Israel. Speak unto them, saying: At dusk ye shall eat flesh, and in the morning ye shall be filled with bread; and ye shall know that I am YHWH your God.'

12  “I have heard the murmuring of the sons of Israel. Say to them: ‘In the evening, you will eat flesh, and in the morning, you will be filled with bread. And you shall know that I am the Lord your God.’ ”

16:13  And it came to pass at even, that the quails came up, and covered the camp; and in the morning there was a layer of dew round about the camp.

13  And it was evening, and quails came up and covered the camp

13  Therefore, it happened in the evening: quails, rising up, covered the camp. Likewise, in the morning, a dew lay all around the camp.

16:14  And when the layer of dew was gone up, behold upon the face of the wilderness a fine, scale-like thing, fine as the hoar-frost on the ground.

14  in the morning it came to pass as the dew ceased round about the camp, that, behold, on the face of the wilderness was a small thing like white coriander seed, as frost upon the earth.

14  And when it had covered the face of the earth, it appeared, in the wilderness, small and as if crushed with a pestle, similar to hoar-frost on the ground.

16:15  And when the children of Israel saw it, they said one to another: 'What is it?' --for they knew not what it was. And Moses said unto them: 'It is the bread which YHWH hath given you to eat.

15  When the sons of Israel had seen it, they said one to another: “Manhu?” which means “What is this?” For they did not know what it was. And Moses said to them: “This is the bread that the Lord has given you to eat.

16:16  This is the thing which YHWH hath commanded: Gather ye of it every man according to his eating; an omer a head, according to the number of your persons, shall ye take it, every man for them that are in his tent.'

16  This is the bread which the Lord has given you to eat. This is that which the Lord has appointed: gather of it each man for his family, a homer for each person, according to the number of your souls, gather each of you with his fellow-lodgers.

16  This is the word that the Lord has instructed. Let each one collect as much of it as is sufficient to eat. One omer for each head. According to the number of your souls which live in a tent, so will you take of it.”

16:17  And the children of Israel did so, and gathered some more, some less.

17  And the sons of Israel did so. And they collected: some more, others less.

16:18  And when they did mete it with an omer, he that gathered much had nothing over, and he that gathered little had no lack; they gathered every man according to his eating.

18  And having measured the homer full, he that gathered much had nothing over, and he that had gathered less had no lack; each gathered according to the need of those who belonged to him.

18  And they measured by the measure of an omer. He who collected more, did not have too much; nor did he who prepared less, find too little. But each one gathered according to what they were able to eat.

16:19  And Moses said unto them: 'Let no man leave of it till the morning.'

16:20  Notwithstanding they hearkened not unto Moses; but some of them left of it until the morning, and it bred worms, and rotted; and Moses was wroth with them.

20  But they did not hearken to Moses, but some left of it till the morning; and it bred worms and stank: and Moses was irritated with them.

20  And they did not listen to him, but they left some of it behind until morning, and it began to swarm with worms, and it putrefied. And Moses became angry against them.

16:21  And they gathered it morning by morning, every man according to his eating; and as the sun waxed hot, it melted.

21  Then each one collected, in the morning, as much as would be sufficient to eat. And after the sun became hot, it melted.

16:22  And it came to pass that on the sixth day they gathered twice as much bread, two omers for each one; and all the rulers of the congregation came and told Moses.

22  But on the sixth day, they collected a double portion, that is, two omers for each man. Then all the leaders among the multitude came, and they discoursed with Moses.

16:23  And he said unto them: 'This is that which YHWH hath spoken: To-morrow is a solemn rest, a holy sabbath unto the YHWH. Bake that which ye will bake, and seethe that which ye will seethe; and all that remaineth over lay up for you to be kept until the morning.'

16:24  And they laid it up till the morning, as Moses bade; and it did not rot, neither was there any worm therein.

24  And they did just as Moses had instructed, and it did not putrefy, nor were there any worms found in it.

24  So they left over some of it till the morning, as Moses had commanded them; and it did not stink, neither was there any worm in it.

16:25  And Moses said: 'Eat that to-day; for to-day is a sabbath unto YHWH; to-day ye shall not find it in the field.

16:26  Six days ye shall gather it; but on the seventh day is the sabbath, in it there shall be none.'

26  Gather for six days. But on the seventh day, it is the Sabbath of the Lord, for which reason it will not be found.”

16:27  And it came to pass on the seventh day, that there went out some of the people to gather, and they found none.

27  And the seventh day arrived. And some of the people, going out to collect it, did not find it.

16:28  And YHWH said unto Moses: 'How long refuse ye to keep My commandments and My laws?

28  And the Lord said to Moses, How long are ye unwilling to hearken to my commands and my law?

28  Then the Lord said to Moses: “How long will you be unwilling to keep my commandments and my law?

16:29  See that YHWH hath given you the sabbath; therefore He giveth you on the sixth day the bread of two days; abide ye every man in his place, let no man go out of his place on the seventh day.'

29  See, for the Lord has given you this day as the sabbath, therefore he has given you on the sixth day the bread of two days: ye shall sit each of you in your houses; let no one go forth from his place on the seventh day.

29  See how the Lord has given you the Sabbath, and, because of this, on the sixth day he distributes to you a double portion. Let each one remain with his own, and let no one go forth from his place on the seventh day.”

16:30  So the people rested on the seventh day.

30  And the people kept sabbath on the seventh day.

16:31  And the house of Israel called the name thereof Manna; and it was like coriander seed, white; and the taste of it was like wafers made with honey.

16:32  And Moses said: 'This is the thing which YHWH hath commanded: Let an omerful of it be kept throughout your generations; that they may see the bread wherewith I fed you in the wilderness, when I brought you forth from the land of Egypt.'

32  Then Moses said: “This is the word that the Lord has instructed: Fill an omer of it, and let it be kept for future generations hereafter, so that they may know the bread, with which I nourished you in the wilderness, when you had been led away from the land of Egypt.”

16:33  And Moses said unto Aaron: 'Take a jar, and put an omerful of manna therein, and lay it up before YHWH, to be kept throughout your generations.'

33  And Moses said to Aaron, Take a golden pot, and cast into it one full homer of manna; and thou shalt lay it up before God, to be kept for your generations,

16:34  As YHWH commanded Moses, so Aaron laid it up before the Testimony, to be kept.

34  as the Lord commanded Moses: and Aaron laid it up before the testimony to be kept.

34  just as the Lord instructed Moses.” And so, Aaron placed it in the tabernacle, in reserve.

16:35  And the children of Israel did eat the manna forty years, until they came to a land inhabited; they did eat the manna, until they came unto the borders of the land of Canaan.

35  Now the sons of Israel ate manna for forty years, until they arrived in a habitable land. With this food they were nourished, even until they touched the borders of the land of Canaan.

16:36  Now an omer is the tenth part of an ephah.

36  Now the homer was the tenth part of three measures.

17:1  And all the congregation of the children of Israel journeyed from the wilderness of Sin, by their stages, according to the commandment of YHWH, and encamped in Rephidim; and there was no water for the people to drink.

1  And so, the entire multitude of the sons of Israel, having set out from the desert of Sin in stages, according to the word of the Lord, made camp at Rephidim, where there was no water for the people to drink.

17:2  Wherefore the people strove with Moses, and said: 'Give us water that we may drink.' And Moses said unto them: 'Why strive ye with me? wherefore do ye try YHWH?'

2  And the people reviled Moses, saying, Give us water, that we may drink; and Moses said to them, Why do ye revile me, and why tempt ye the Lord?

2  And arguing against Moses, they said, “Give us water, so that we may drink.” And Moses answered them: “Why argue against me? For what reason do you tempt the Lord?”

17:3  And the people thirsted there for water; and the people murmured against Moses, and said: 'Wherefore hast thou brought us up out of Egypt, to kill us and our children and our cattle with thirst?'

3  And so the people were thirsty in that place, due to the scarcity of water, and they murmured against Moses, saying: “Why did you cause us to go out of Egypt, so as to kill us and our children, as well as our cattle, with thirst?”

17:4  And Moses cried unto YHWH, saying: 'What shall I do unto this people? they are almost ready to stone me.'

4  Then Moses cried out to the Lord, saying: “What shall I do with this people? A little while more and they will stone me.”

17:5  And YHWH said unto Moses: 'Pass on before the people, and take with thee of the elders of Israel; and thy rod, wherewith thou smotest the river, take in thy hand, and go.

5  And the Lord said to Moses, Go before this people, and take to thyself of the elders of the people; and the rod with which thou smotest the river, take in thine hand, and thou shalt go.

17:6  Behold, I will stand before thee there upon the rock in Horeb; and thou shalt smite the rock, and there shall come water out of it, that the people may drink.' And Moses did so in the sight of the elders of Israel.

6  Behold, I stand there before thou come, on the rock in Choreb, and thou shalt smite the rock, and water shall come out from it, and the people shall drink. And Moses did so before the sons of Israel.

6  Lo, I will stand in that place before you, on the rock of Horeb. And you shall strike the rock, and water will go forth from it, so that the people may drink.” Moses did so in the sight of the elders of Israel.

17:7  And the name of the place was called Massah, and Meribah, because of the striving of the children of Israel, and because they tried YHWH, saying: 'Is the YHWH among us, or not?'

7  And he called the name of that place, Temptation, and Reviling, because of the reviling of the children of Israel, and because they tempted the Lord, saying, Is the Lord among us or not?

17:8  Then came Amalek, and fought with Israel in Rephidim.

8  And Amalec came and fought with Israel in Raphidin.

17:9  And Moses said unto Joshua: 'Choose us out men, and go out, fight with Amalek; tomorrow I will stand on the top of the hill with the rod of God in my hand.'

9  And Moses said to Joshua, Choose out for thyself mighty men, and go forth and set the army in array against Amalec to-morrow; and, behold, I shall stand on the top of the hill, and the rod of God will be in my hand.

17:10  So Joshua did as Moses had said to him, and fought with Amalek; and Moses, Aaron, and Hur went up to the top of the hill.

10  And Joshua did as Moses said to him, and he went out and set the army in array against Amalec, and Moses and Aaron and Or went up to the top of the hill.

10  Joshua did as Moses had spoken, and he fought against Amalek. But Moses and Aaron and Hur ascended to the top of the hill.

17:11  And it came to pass, when Moses held up his hand, that Israel prevailed; and when he let down his hand, Amalek prevailed.

11  And when Moses lifted up his hands, Israel prevailed. But when he released them a little while, Amalek overcame.

17:12  But Moses' hands were heavy; and they took a stone, and put it under him, and he sat thereon; and Aaron and Hur stayed up his hands, the one on the one side, and the other on the other side; and his hands were steady until the going down of the sun.

12  Then the hands of Moses became heavy. And so, taking a stone, they placed it beneath him, and he sat on it. Then Aaron and Hur sustained his hands from both sides. And it happened that his hands did not tire until the setting of the sun.

17:13  And Joshua discomfited Amalek and his people with the edge of the sword.

17:14  And YHWH said unto Moses: 'Write this for a memorial in the book, and rehearse it in the ears of Joshua: for I will utterly blot out the remembrance of Amalek from under heaven.'

14  And the Lord said to Moses, Write this for a memorial in a book, and speak this in the ears of Joshua; for I will utterly blot out the memorial of Amalec from under heaven.

14  Then the LORD said to Moses. Write this for a memorial in a book and place it before Joshua; for I will utterly blot out the remembrance of Amalek from under heaven.

17:15  And Moses built an altar, and called the name of it Adonai-nissi.

17:16  And he said: 'The hand upon the throne of YHWH: the YHWH will have war with Amalek from generation to generation.'

16  For with a secret hand the Lord wages war upon Amalec to all generations.

16  “The hand of the throne of the Lord, and the war of the Lord, will be against Amalek from generation to generation.”

18:1  Now Jethro, the priest of Midian, Moses' father-in-law, heard of all that God had done for Moses, and for Israel His people, how that YHWH had brought Israel out of Egypt.

1  And when Jethro, the priest of Midian, the kinsman of Moses, had heard all that God had done for Moses, and for his people Israel, and that the Lord had led Israel away from Egypt,

18:2  And Jethro, Moses' father-in-law, took Zipporah, Moses' wife, after he had sent her away,

2  he brought Zipporah, the wife of Moses, whom he was to return to him,

2  Then Jethro, Moses' father-in-law, took Zipporah, Moses' wife, after he divorced her.

18:3  and her two sons; of whom the name of the one was Gershom; for he said: 'I have been a stranger in a strange land';

18:4  and the name of the other was Eliezer: 'for the God of my father was my help, and delivered me from the sword of Pharaoh.'

4  and the other in truth was Eliezer, (“For the God of my father,” he said, “is my helper, and has rescued me from the sword of Pharaoh.”)

18:5  And Jethro, Moses' father-in-law, came with his sons and his wife unto Moses into the wilderness where he was encamped, at the mount of God;

5  And Jothor the father-in-law of Moses, and his sons and his wife, went forth to Moses into the wilderness, where he encamped on the mount of God.

5  And so Jethro, the kinsman of Moses, with his sons and his wife, came to Moses in the desert, where he was encamped next to the mountain of God.

18:6  and he said unto Moses: 'I thy father-in-law Jethro am coming unto thee, and thy wife, and her two sons with her.'

6  And he sent word to Moses, saying: “I, Jethro, your kinsman, have come to you, with your wife, and your two sons with her.”

6  And Moses was told, Behold, your father-in-law Jethro has come to you with your wife and your two sons accompanying him,

18:7  And Moses went out to meet his father-in-law, and bowed down and kissed him; and they asked each other of their welfare; and they came into the tent.

7  And going out to meet his kinsman, he reverenced and kissed him. And they saluted each other with peaceful words. And when he had arrived at the tent,

18:8  And Moses told his father-in-law all that YHWH had done unto Pharaoh and to the Egyptians for Israel's sake, all the travail that had come upon them by the way, and how the YHWH delivered them.

8  And Moses related to his father-in-law all things that the Lord did to Pharao and all the Egyptians for Israel’s sake, and all the labour that had befallen them in the way, and that the Lord had rescued them out of the hand of Pharao, and out of the hand of the Egyptians.

8  Moses explained to his kinsman all that the Lord had done to Pharaoh and to the Egyptians on behalf of Israel, and all the hardships which had befallen them on the journey, and how the Lord had freed them.

18:9  And Jethro rejoiced for all the goodness which YHWH had done to Israel, in that He had delivered them out of the hand of the Egyptians.

9  And Jothor was amazed at all the good things which the Lord did to them, forasmuch as he rescued them out of the hand of the Egyptians and out of the hand of Pharao.

18:10  And Jethro said: 'Blessed be YHWH, who hath delivered you out of the hand of the Egyptians, and out of the hand of Pharaoh; who hath delivered the people from under the hand of the Egyptians.

10  And Jothor said, Blessed be the Lord, because he has rescued them out of the hand of the Egyptians and out of the hand of Pharao.

10  And he said: “Blessed is the Lord, who has freed his people from the hand of the Egyptians and from the hand of Pharaoh; he has rescued his people from the hand of Egypt.

18:11  Now I know that YHWH is greater than all gods; yea, for that they dealt proudly against them.'

11  Now know I that the Lord is great above all gods, because of this, wherein they attacked them.

11  Now I know that the LORD is greater than all gods; for despite the counsel which the Egyptians had devised against them, he triumphed over them.

18:12  And Jethro, Moses' father-in-law, took a burnt-offering and sacrifices for God; and Aaron came, and all the elders of Israel, to eat bread with Moses' father-in-law before God.

12  And Jothor the father-in-law of Moses took whole burnt-offerings and sacrifices for God, for Aaron and all the elders of Israel came to eat bread with the father-in-law of Moses before God.

12  And so Jethro, the kinsman of Moses, offered holocausts and sacrifices to God. And Aaron arrived with all the elders of Israel, in order to eat bread with him in the sight of God.

18:13  And it came to pass on the morrow, that Moses sat to judge the people; and the people stood about Moses from the morning unto the evening.

13  Then, the next day, Moses sat down in order to judge the people, and they stood beside Moses from morning, even until evening.

18:14  And when Moses' father-in-law saw all that he did to the people, he said: 'What is this thing that thou doest to the people? why sittest thou thyself alone, and all the people stand about thee from morning unto even?'

14  And Jothor having seen all that Moses did to the people, says, What is this that thou doest to the people? wherefore sittest thou alone, and all the people stand by thee from morning till evening?

14  And when, of course, his kinsman saw all that he did among the people, he said: “What is this that you do among the people? Why do you sit alone, while all the people stand before you, from morning, even until evening?”

18:15  And Moses said unto his father-in-law: 'Because the people come unto me to inquire of God;

15  And Moses answered him: “The people come to me seeking the verdict of God.

18:16  when they have a matter, it cometh unto me; and I judge between a man and his neighbour, and I make them know the statutes of God, and His laws.'

16  For whenever there is a dispute among them, and they come to me, I give judgement upon each, and I teach them the ordinances of God and his law.

18:17  And Moses' father-in-law said unto him: 'The thing that thou doest is not good.

17  And the father-in-law of Moses said to him, Thou dost not this thing rightly,

17  But he said, “This is not good, what you are doing.

18:18  Thou wilt surely wear away, both thou, and this people that is with thee; for the thing is too heavy for thee; thou art not able to perform it thyself alone.

18  thou wilt wear away with intolerable weariness, both those and all this people which is with thee: this thing is hard, thou wilt not be able to endure it thyself alone.

18  You will be consumed by foolish efforts, both you and this people who are with you. The task is beyond your strength; you will not be able bear it alone.

18:19  Hearken now unto my voice, I will give thee counsel, and God be with thee: be thou for the people before God, and bring thou the causes unto God.

19  But listen to my words and counsels, and then God will be with you. Be available to the people in that which pertains to God, so as to refer what they say to him,

18:20  And thou shalt teach them the statutes and the laws, and shalt show them the way wherein they must walk, and the work that they must do.

20  and to reveal to the people the ceremonies, and the rituals of worship, and the way by which they should progress, and the work that they should do.

20  And you shall warn them to keep the ordinances and laws that you may show them how to conduct themselves and the works that they must do.

18:21  Moreover thou shalt provide out of all the people able men, such as fear God, men of truth, hating unjust gain; and place such over them, to be rulers of thousands, rulers of hundreds, rulers of fifties, and rulers of tens.

21  And do thou look out for thyself out of all the people able men, fearing God, righteous men, hating pride, and thou shalt set over the people captains of thousands and captains of hundreds, and captains of fifties, and captains of tens.

21  Then provide, from all of the people, men capable and fearing God, in whom there is truth and who hate avarice, and appoint from them tribunes, and leaders of hundreds, and of fifties, and of tens,

18:22  And let them judge the people at all seasons; and it shall be, that every great matter they shall bring unto thee, but every small matter they shall judge themselves; so shall they make it easier for thee and bear the burden with thee.

22  And they shall judge the people at all times, and the too burdensome matter they shall bring to thee, but they shall judge the smaller cases; so they shall relieve thee and help thee.

22  who may judge the people at all times. Then, when anything greater will have occurred, they may refer it to you, and let them judge the lesser matters only. And so it may be lighter for you, the burden being divided among others.

18:23  If thou shalt do this thing, and God command thee so, then thou shalt be able to endure, and all this people also shall go to their place in peace.'

23  If you will do this, you will fulfill the orders of God, and you will be able to uphold his precepts. And this entire people will return to their places in peace.”

23  If you shall do this thing, and God commands you so, then you shall be able to endure, and all this people shall also go each one to his own house in peace.

18:24  So Moses hearkened to the voice of his father-in-law, and did all that he had said.

24  Having heard this, Moses did everything that he had suggested to him.

24  So Moses hearkened to the voice of his father-in-law, and did all that he had said. And saying Moses to the people: I alone can't bear you. The LORD God made you many, behold, as the stars of the havens for multitude. LORD God of your fathers increased you a thousand times over, and he blessed you as he spoke. Thus how can I bear burdens of you and strifes of you? Select for yourself men wise and understanding and knowlegeable to tribes of you. And I shall place them in heads of you. And they are answering and they are saying: It is good to do what you have spoken.

18:25  And Moses chose able men out of all Israel, and made them heads over the people, rulers of thousands, rulers of hundreds, rulers of fifties, and rulers of tens.

25  And Moses chose out able men out of all Israel, and he made them captains of thousands and captains of hundreds, and captains of fifties and captains of tens over the people.

25  And Moses chose able men out of all Israel, and made them heads over the people, rulers of thousands, and rulers of hundreds, rulers of fifties, and rulers of tens. And officers to tribes of them. And he is commanding with the judges to say: hear between a man and his brother, and you judge righteously between man and between brother of him, and between the sojourner of him. Not you shall respect faces in sentence. Small and great you are hearing. Not you shall be afraid of the face of the man as justice is God's. And matter that is too hard for you you will bring to me and I will hear it. And he is commanding them all words that they should do.

18:26  And they judged the people at all seasons: the hard causes they brought unto Moses, but every small matter they judged themselves.

18:27  And Moses let his father-in-law depart; and he went his way into his own land.

27  And he dismissed his kinsman, who, turning back, went to his own land.